霍山3种石斛的生长节律及其与生态因子关系的研究  

Study on the Growing Rhymes of the Three Dendrobia in Huoshan and Its Relation with Ecological Factors

作　　者：蔡永萍[1] 李合生[1] 骆炳山[1] 于力文[2] 林毅[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学农学系,武汉430070 [2]安徽农业大学生命科学学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《武汉植物学研究》2003年第4期351-355,共5页Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research

基　　金：安徽省"十.五"重大专项(01803006)。

摘　　要：探讨了霍山3种石斛的生长节律及其与生态因子的关系。结果表明:3种石斛生长发育的物候期有明显的差别,米斛新茎的生长集中在3月下旬～8月份,新茎生长期150d左右;铁皮石斛生长集中在4月下旬～9月下旬,新茎生长期154d左右,而铜皮石斛生长则集中于4月初～9月初,新茎生长期160d左右。米斛生长只有一个生长高峰,而铁皮石斛和铜皮石斛生长有双峰现象。石斛虽然是一种生长在高山的阴生植物,但霍山3种石斛全年生长要求一定积温和温度。米斛年积温2070℃,铁皮石斛年积温2256℃,铜皮石斛年积温2248℃。米斛和铜皮石斛生长的最适温度20℃。而铁皮石斛生长的最适温度23℃。8月份温度渐低,当温度回落又可适宜生长时,铁皮石斛和铜皮石斛还有一次小的生长过程,但是米斛仅有一次生长高峰。湿度和光强与生长负相关。适宜的降水也是石斛生长的必要条件。The paper reported the growing rhyme of three dendrobia in Huoshan and its relation with ecological factors. The results indicate that there are different among three dendrobia on phenological phase of growth and development. Growth period of new stem of Dendrobium huoshanense is from late March to August with continuing growth 150 days; it of D. candidum from late April to August with continuing growth 154 days; it of D. moniliforme from April to early September with continuing growth 160 days. There are two growth peaks in annually growth period of D.candidum and D. moniliforme as one growth peak in it of D. huoshanense. Although three dendrobia in Huoshan grow in high mountain and shade, the best temperature and yearly accumulated temperature are 20℃ and 2070℃ for D. huoshanense growing as well as 20℃ and 2048℃ for D. candidum growing and 23℃ and 2056℃ for D. moniliforme. Dendrobium growth is affected by high intensity of light and high humid.

关 键 词：霍山石斛 物候期 生长节律 生态因子 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]