1起输入性传染源引起医院SARS暴发的分析  

Epidemiological Analysis on One Case of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Outbreak in Emergency Department of A Hospital

作　　者：赵荣山[1] 李秀芹[1] 金玉[2] 杨会锁[1] 王常有[1] 毛忠强[1] 王本旭[1] 国宏志[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京军区联勤部军事医学研究所,石家庄050081 [2]北京军区总医院

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2003年第5期404-406,共3页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的　对一起输入性严重急性呼吸道综合征 (SARS)传染源引发的医院SARS暴发进行调查 ,了解其流行特点和规律 ,探讨流行因素 ,为预防和控制医院SARS提供参考。方法　通过座谈、查阅病案和查看感染现场 ,描述整个感染传播过程和各因素与发病间的关系 ,以图例和表格方式表达。结果　驻军某医院急诊科 3月 18日接诊 1名发热患者 ,并留观治疗 3d。 4月 2日为其护理治疗的该科男护士发病 ,其后 8～ 16d内该科相继有 4名女护士发病 ,科内员工罹患率 2 1 74 % (5 / 2 3) ,医护人员整个感染过程可见清晰的传播链 ,感染与无防护密切接触、室内小环境空气质量差有关。发病潜伏期平均 10d以上 ,平均病程 4 9 4d。经采取隔离、消毒措施后 ,发病停止。结论　本次医院SARS的第 1代传染源为输入性 ;急诊科护士是感染的高危人群 ;Objective To investigate the transmission process of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by an imported source of infection in a hospital,to know the epidemiological characteristics and rules and to discuss the epidemic factors,in order to provide reference data to prevent and control the infection in hospital.Methods Standardized questionnaire was designed combined with the interview,looking over the case of illness,and tracking and searching for individual cases,and the transmission process of SARS in hospital and the relationship of various factors and infection were described and illustrated by table.Results In March 18,a fever case was examined in emergency department of this hospita then cured for 3 days.In April 2,a male nurse who cared this case was attacked,thereafter 4 female nurses in this department wereattacked within 8～16 days.The attack rate was 21 74%(5/23)in emergency department,and the transmission chain of this outbreak could be clearly depicted.The infection has the direct relation with the nonprotected close contact as well as poor air quality in small surroundings.The incubation period was 10 days upwards and the course of diseases was 49 4 days on the average.None was found ill after the measures of isolation and antisepsis were used.Conclusions The first source of infection was an imported case;the high risk population was nurse of emergency department;the main transmission way was nanprotected close contact.

关 键 词：严重急性呼吸道综合征 医院感染 流行病学 

分 类 号：R563.19[医药卫生—呼吸系统]