农田利用方式对土壤可溶性氮素含量及迁移的影响  

Impact of Land Use on the Content and Migration Pattern of Soluble Organic Nitrogen

作　　者：孔祥忠[1] 于红梅[1] 束良佐[2] 宋强[1] 刘涛 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院,浙江金华321004 [2]淮北师范大学生命科学学院,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《土壤通报》2015年第6期1359-1365,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(31071868);浙江师范大学人才基金项目资助

摘　　要：分析农田利用方式对表层土壤可溶性氮素各组分的影响,揭示农田生态系统中可溶性氮素的迁移规律。测定5种利用类型下14种农田0~10 cm、10~20 cm层土壤可溶性无机氮(SIN)、可溶性有机氮(SON)含量,分析农田利用方式对可溶性氮素的影响;测定葱、红花继木、西瓜、油菜等4种农田0~10 cm、10~20 cm、20~30 cm、30~40 cm、40~50 cm、50~60 cm层土壤SIN、SON含量,探讨可溶性氮素在土壤剖面中的迁移规律。结果表明,0~10 cm层14种农田土壤SIN和SON含量分别为2.16~152.06 mg kg^(-1)、10.80~173.77 mg kg^(-1),SON占TSN的39.90%~83.95%,平均为64.65%;10~20 cm SIN和SON含量分别为1.51~75.58 mg kg^(-1)、6.08~65.01 mg kg^(-1),SON/TSN为43.01%~78.79%,平均为65.76%。可溶性氮素各组分的关系为SON>NH4+-N>NO3--N;农田利用方式对可溶性氮素的影响达到显著水平。葱地、红花继木地、西瓜地、油菜地等4种农田土壤SIN和SON平均含量表现为随土层加深而减小,但有在下层(40~60 cm)累积的趋势。0~60 cm各层土壤SON/TSN为26.35%~72.35%,平均约为58.51%;农田利用方式对可溶性氮素在土壤中的迁移有影响。因此,农田利用方式对表层土壤SIN、SON含量有显著影响,并对其在土壤剖面中的迁移有影响;土壤SIN、SON含量随土层加深而减少,但有在下层累积的趋势;SON是可溶性氮素的主要组分,其对环境的影响值得关注。The objective of this paper is to study the impact of land use on soluble nitrogen components in surface soil,and reveal the migration pattern of soluble nitrogen in farmland ecosystem. We determined soil soluble inorganic nitrogen(SIN) and soluble organic nitrogen(SON) content of 0- 10, 10- 20 cm layer in 14 types of agricultural land use and analyzed the impact of land use on soluble nitrogen. We also determined soil SIN and SON content of 0- 10 cm, 10- 20 cm, 20- 30 cm, 30- 40 cm, 40- 50, cm 50- 60 cm layer in 4 types of agricultural land use and investigated the migration pattern of soluble nitrogen in soil profile. The results showed that in 0- 10 cm layer, SIN and SON content were 2.16- 152.06 mg kg^(-1)and 10.80- 173.77 mg kg^(-1)for 14 types of farmland, respectively. The value of SON / TSN was 39.90%- 83.95% and averaged 64.65%. In 10-20 cm layer, SIN and SON content were1.51- 75.58 mg kg^(-1)and 6.08- 65.01 mg kg^(-1)for 14 types of farmland, respectively. SON accounted for 43.01%-78.79% of the TSN with an average value of 65.76%. The order of the components of the soluble nitrogen is SON >NH4+-N > NO3--N. Agricultural land use significantly affected the soluble nitrogen content. In shallot, loropetalum,watermelon, rape land, the average SIN and SON content was gradually decreased with soil depth; but soluble nitrogen trended to cumulate in lower layer(40- 60 cm). The SON / TSN ratio in each layer of 0- 60 cm ranged from26.35% to 72.35% with an average value of 58.51%. In summary, agricultural land use had a significant impact on the content of SIN and SON on topsoil and on the migration of SIN and SON in soil profile; Soil SIN and SON content decreased with depth and trended to cumulate at lower layer; SON was a major component of soluble nitrogen.

关 键 词：农田利用方式 可溶性有机氮 可溶性无机氮 土壤剖面 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]