中心静脉插管与直接动脉穿刺血透治疗比较  

Comparison between central venous catheter (CVC) and atrerio-puncture (AP) in hemodialysis

作　　者：钱光荣[1] 焦宝珠[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省马鞍山市人民医院肾内科,马鞍山243000

出　　处：《安徽医药》2003年第5期354-355,共2页Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的　观察中心静脉插管 (CVC)和直接动脉穿刺 (AP)的透析效率 ,可维持透析时间及并发症并进行比较。方法　 82例血透病人 ,30例行CVC(双腔静脉导管 )单针单泵透析 ,5 2例行AP透析 ;于透析前 ,透析后不同时间采血查肾功能、电解质、HCO-3 浓度。结果　CVC及AP对BUN、血Ca2 + 浓度的影响相似 (P >0 0 5 ) ,而首次透析 2h后血K+ 、HCO-3 浓度的变化似与其相应透析前浓度测定值的水平有关 ,Scr浓度变化 (降低 ) ,AP组大于CVC组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,可能由于存在通路再循环的影响 ;CVC常见并发症为感染 ,细菌为表皮葡萄球菌 ,AP常见并发症仍为血肿或动脉瘤。结论　CVC与AP作为临时性血管通路的短期透析效率相似 ,但CVC有减少穿刺 。AIM To compare the effects of CVC and AP in hemodialysis(HD). METHODS In 82 cases, 30 had CVC HD and 52 had AP HD.Blood BUN, Cr,K +, Ca 2+ , HCO - 3 level were examined before and after HD. RESULTS The effects of CVC and AP HD on blood BUN, Ca 2+ after two hours HD were perhaps related to the their levels before HD. In AP HD, the decrease of Scr was more than that of CVC HD (P< 0 05). CONCLUSIONS CVC HD and AP HD all reduce the levels of blood BUN, Cr, K + and increase the level of HCO - 3. The common complication of CVC is infection and the common organism is staphylococcus epidermidis. As a method of temporary vascular access, CVC has less venous damages.

关 键 词：中心静脉插管 直接动脉穿刺 治疗 比较 血液透析 

分 类 号：R459.5[医药卫生—治疗学]