植物衰老的研究进展及其在分子育种中的应用  

The Progress of Plant Senescence Research and Plant Molecular Breeding

作　　者：李晴[1] 朱玉贤[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学生命科学学院,蛋白质工程及植物基因工程国家重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2003年第3期289-296,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

摘　　要：植物衰老是植物生命科学研究领域的核心问题之一。无论是在器官水平上还是在个体水平上 ,衰老都是一个高度有序的被调控的过程。近年来 ,已发现大批衰老相关基因以及突变体 ,初步阐明了叶片衰老的分子机制。而在个体水平 ,G2豌豆以其在短日条件下无限生长的独特发育模式 ,提供了很好的实验材料。PPF1(Pisumsativumpost floralgene1)是首次在短日条件下G2豌豆中分离出来的与衰老相关的基因 ,过表达PPF1基因可以显著延迟转基因拟南芥的开花时间。最新的研究表明 ,它可能编码一个定位于叶绿体膜上的钙离子泵 ,通过调节细胞质中钙离子浓度来影响植物的生长发育。PPF1还可能通过调控LFY (LEAFY)等一系列开花途径调节基因的表达水平来影响植株的整体衰老进程。关于植物衰老的研究 ,不仅具有理论上的重大意义 ,并且在分子育种中具有潜在的价值。Plant senescence is an internally regulated and orderly degeneration leading to the death of single cells, organs or even whole plants during their life cycle.Recent genetic and reverse genetic approaches have identified key components regulating leaf senescence and revealed partly the underlying molecular mechanisms. PPF1 is a vegetative-growth specific gene first isolated from short-day(SD)grown G2 pea. Further analysis suggested that PPF1(Pisum sativum post-floral gene1) may be a calcium ion carrier that regulates flowering time of higher plants by changing the Ca 2+ storage capacity within the chloroplasts of a plant cell, and it is also able to regulate the expression pattern of a number of genes important for flower-time control such as LFY, TFL-1 and so on. Development in senescence-controlling mechanisms are expected to be useful for plant molecular breeding.

关 键 词：植物 叶片衰老 分子育种 应用 突变体 PPFl基因 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]