偏滤器部件W/Cu功能梯度材料的热应力缓和  

Thermal stress reduction in a W/Cu functionally graded material used as a divertor component

作　　者：凌云汉[1] 白新德[1] 葛昌纯[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学材料科学与工程系,北京100084 [2]北京科技大学特种陶瓷粉末冶金研究开发中心,北京100083

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2003年第6期750-753,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家"八六三"高技术资助项目(715-011-0230)

摘　　要：W/Cu功能梯度材料是一种有希望用作聚变反应堆面向等离子体部件的侯选材料。为避免材料在使用过程中的热应力破坏,根据偏滤器部件服役的热流工况,在结合导热能力分析的情况下运用有限元软件对W/Cu梯度材料进行了优化设计。结果表明,成分分布指数的增大以及金属W厚度的增加均使表面工作温度提高;当成分分布指数为1.0～1.2时W/Cu梯度材料有最佳的热应力缓和效果。在30MW/m2的表面热流负荷下,与非梯度材料相比,经过优化设计的W/Cu功能梯度材料的等效热应力降低了62.3%,表面工作温度下降了50℃;而与单纯金属W相比,W/Cu梯度材料的表面工作温度较之降低445℃。 W/Cu functionally graded material (FGM) is a potential candidate for plasma facing material used as a divertor component in a thermonuclear device. The finite element method was used to analyze material failure induced by thermal stresses during operation to optimize the W/Cu FGM design to reduce thermal stresses for typical heat fluxes impinging the divertor. The results showed that the surface working temperature increased with increasing compositional exponent and tungsten layer thickness. Optimal thermal stresse reduction was obtained for the compositional exponent of 1.0～1.2. The von Mises equivalent thermal stresses in a optimal W/Cu FGM design were reduced by 62.3% and the surface working temperature was 50 ℃ lower than for a nonFGM with a heat flux of 30 MW/m2. The W/Cu FGM surface temperature was also a remarkable 445 ℃ below the surface temperature of a monolithic tungsten plasma facing material.

关 键 词：偏滤器 W/Cu功能梯度材料 热应力缓和 聚变反应堆 等离子体部件 等效热应力 有限元分析 

分 类 号：TL627[核科学技术—核技术及应用]