土壤—作物系统中重金属元素的地球化学行为  

GEOCHEMICAL BEHAVIOUR OF HEAVY METALS IN SOIL-CROP SYSTEM

作　　者：胡省英[1] 冉伟彦[1] 范宏瑞[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市地质勘察技术院,北京102209 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《地质与勘探》2003年第5期84-87,共4页Geology and Exploration

摘　　要：对我国部分土壤和作物中重金属元素的分布特征作了概括性的论述,指出重金属元素的富集或贫化与成土母质、土壤环境等因素密切相关。母质母岩中元素含量高则相应土壤中该元素富集;土壤偏碱性或氧化条件下,重金属元素的有效性低;重金属元素通常富集于土壤表层0-20cm层位。不同种类的粮食、蔬菜对土壤中重金属元素具有不同程度的吸收和富集能力,叶类菜比茎类菜对重金属具有更强的吸收和富集能力,粮食作物的根比籽粒含重金属更多。对已污染的土壤大多采用生物修复和生态修复方法。Heavy metal distribution characters in parts of soils and crops in China were described synoptically. Heavy metal enrichment or leanness is related with soil parent materials and environments. Higher element contents in the mother material and rocks will make the elements to enrich in corresponding soils. On the condition of alkalescence or oxidation in soils, availability of heavy metal elements will be reduced. Heavy metal elements are usually enriched in the surface of soils of 0-20cm level. The different kinds of foodstuffs and vegetables have a different capability to absorb and enrich heavy metal elements. Leaf vegetables have a higher capability to absorb and enrich heavier metal elements than cauline vegetable. Roots of foodstuff crops would be enriched more heavy metals than seeds. Biologic and ecological restores are adopted for polluted soils.

关 键 词：土壤 作物 重金属元素 背景值 地球化学 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学] P595[农业科学—农业基础科学]