高温超导电缆在城市地下输电系统应用的可行性研究  

Feasibility study on the application of high temperature superconducting cables in the urban power transmission system

作　　者：应启良[1] 黄崇祺[1] 魏东[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海电缆研究所,上海200093

出　　处：《电线电缆》2003年第5期3-13,共11页Wire & Cable

摘　　要：大城市有可能最先采用商业化运行高温超导电缆 ,用于城市地下交流输电系统。其主要应用目标是用于地下电缆工程改造 ,利用现有排管以高温超导电缆取代现有的常导电缆 ,增加地下电缆传输容量以及采用高温超导电缆将巨大电能 (1GVA以上 )输入到城市负荷中心。采用常导电力电缆传输 1GVA以上的电能进入中心城区 ,输电电压一般要求为 5 0 0 k V。在城市中心区不可能建设 5 0 0 k V变电站。 5 0 0 k V电缆线路所需的 5 0 0 k V大长度电缆和相应附件 ,目前尚未研制开发。采用高温超导电缆将有可能降低输电电压等级 ,可以采用 2 2 0 k V高温超导电缆将 1GVA以上的电能输入到城市负荷中心 ,满足特大型城市负荷中心供电需求。采用 110 k V高温超导电缆 ,亦有可能传输 1GVA左右电能。本文通过对交流高温超导电缆系列设计计算对额定电压 35 k V、110 k V、2 2 0 k V的高温超导电缆 ,按不同传输电流 (或传输容量 ) ,以高温超导电缆的传输效率 (损耗与传输容量比 )、高温超导电缆外径限值和超导导体绕制结构限制条件 ,确定高温超导电缆适用性界定条件 ,提出城市地下输电、配电系统用高温超导电缆可行方案。The high temperature superconducting(HTS) cables are most likely to be used for commercial operation in the urban underground power transmission system. They are aimed mainly at retroffing the underground power system by replacing the traditional cables with HTS cables using the existing underground ducts so as to increase the transmission capacity of underground cables and transmission of high electric power(above 1 GVA) to the load centers in downtown areas by HTS cables. For normal conducting cables, the voltage needed here is generally 500 kV. But it is not possible to build 500 kV transformers in downtown areas and large length 500 kV cables and accessories have not been developed. By using HTS cables, the voltage may be reduced. It is possible to transmit high electric power above 1 GVA to the load centers in downtown areas by 220 kV HTS cables so as to meet the needs for power supply by large cities. Even 110 kV HTS cables may transmit ca. 1 GVA electric power. By design and calculation of AC HTS cables, this paper specifies a criterion to determine the suitability of 35 kV, 110 kV and 220 kV HTS cables according to transmission current(transmission capacity), transmission efficiency(ratio of loss to transmission capacity), maximum overall diameter of HTS cables and construction of superconductors. It suggests a feasibility plan for HTS cables used in urban underground power transmission/distribution systems.

关 键 词：高温超导电缆 电流密度 城市地下输电系统 可行性研究 

分 类 号：TM249.3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TM72[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]