跨时区飞行对飞行员心率变异性的影响  

The effect of transmeridian flight on the heart rate variability in civil aircrew

作　　者：徐先慧[1] 葛盛秋[2] 张宏金[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国国际航空公司飞行总队航卫科,北京100621 [2]中国民用航空医学研究室,北京100025 [3]空军航空医学研究所,北京100036

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2003年第3期170-172,共3页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的　探讨跨时区飞行对飞行员心率变异性的影响 ,以评价其对飞行员自主神经系统的作用。　方法　采用 2 4h动态心电图方法检测 16名跨时区国际长途飞行的飞行员动态心电图及心率变异性 (HRV) ;另外检测 10名国内昼间飞行的飞行员动态心电图及HRV作为对照。检查指标 :①HRV的低频功率 (0 .0 4～ 0 .15Hz ,LF) ;②HRV的高频功率 (0 .15～ 0 .4 0Hz,HF) ;③HRV的总频功率 (0 .0 4～ 0 .4 0Hz,TF)。计算飞行员HRV谱成份的夜间调节指数。用两组飞行员调节指数的差值作为自主神经负荷程度的定量估计。　结果　对照组飞行员的HF反映迷走神经活性在 2 4h中显示明显的昼夜节律 ,即夜间HF增高 ,LF降低 ;白天HF降低 ,LF增高。交感神经活性在跨时区飞行组上述谱成份的昼夜节律性明显降低。②对照组飞行员的HF夜间调节指数为 0 .32± 0 .11,而跨时区飞行组HF夜间调节指数为 0 .0 6± 0 .0 2 (P <0 .0 5 )。对照组LF夜间调节指数为 - 0 .0 2± 0 .0 8,而跨时区飞行组LF夜间调节指数为 - 0 .0 9± 0 .0 4 (P <0 .0 5 )。Objective To explore the effect of transmeridian flight on the heart rate variability (HRV), so as to evaluate the stress on autonomic nervous system of aircrew. Methods Sixteen transmeridian airline aircrew served as subjects, and 10 domestic airline aircrew as controls. The heart rate variability (HRV) were analyzed from 24 h Holter ECG for both groups. The indexes include high frequency component (HF), low frequency component (LF) and total power (TP), and the spectral component indexes during day and night were calculated. The differences of spectral component indexes between experimental group and control group were used as the marker of stress on autonomic system. Results The spectral component of R R interval in 24 h period showed an apparent circadian rhythm in control group, that is, HF component was higher and LF component lower in the night time, and HF component lower and LF component higher in the day time. While in transmeridian pilot group the circadian rhythm was significantly less obvious. Conclusions In aircrew of transmeridian group, the circadian rhythm of HRV was significantly less obvious than domestic aircrew. It is suggested that the stress of transmeridian flight on autonomic activity of aircrew is more obvious than that of flight at home.

关 键 词：昼夜节律 心率变异性 谱成份指数 跨时区飞行 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]