飞行员配穿囊式抗荷服在不同代谢水平时的温度舒适性评定  

The evaluation of thermal comfort for pilot wearing bladder anti-Gsuit in different metabolic levels

作　　者：任兆生[1] 李伟[1] 王琼[1] 石立勇[1] 李音华[1] 薛利豪[1] 欧阳骅[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军航空医学研究所,北京100036

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2003年第3期150-154,共5页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的　评价飞行员配穿囊式抗荷服在不同代谢水平、不同环境温度条件下的温度舒适性。　方法　 6名受试者分别以不同的代谢水平暴露于 2 0℃、2 5℃和 35℃环境 ,配穿装备为KH 3抗荷服和KH 7抗荷服。每次试验 70min。采用微小气候评定装置测量衣下温度和衣下潮湿率 ,并以 3种主观感觉评定温度舒适性。　结果　试验期间 ,Ⅲ组 (或Ⅳ组 )的衣下温度增值和衣下潮湿率增值均无显著性意义。Ⅰ组 (或Ⅱ组 )、Ⅴ组 (或Ⅵ组 )、Ⅶ组 (或Ⅷ组 )分别与Ⅲ组 (或Ⅳ组 )比较 ,衣下温度增值、衣下潮湿率增值均有显著或非常显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1)。Ⅰ组 (或Ⅱ组 )与Ⅴ组 (或Ⅵ组 )的衣下温度增值、衣下潮湿率增值均有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。Ⅰ组～Ⅷ组的衣下温度、衣下潮湿率作比较 ,Ⅶ组 (或Ⅷ组 )与其它各组的增值均有非常显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1)。　结论　在一定的环境温度范围内 ,代谢水平可以比环境温度更能影响人体的温度舒适性。 2 0℃环境中 ,飞行员配穿KH 3抗荷服和KH 7抗荷服飞行时 ,衣下微小气候是不适宜的。在 2 5℃环境下从事低代谢率活动时 ,对温度舒适无显著性影响。 35℃环境中 ,即使从事低代谢水平活动 ,也将严重影响飞行员温度舒适。Objective To examine the thermal comfort for pilots wearing bladder anti G suit at different metabolic levels and environment temperatures. Methods Six healthy young men served as subjects. They underwent tests wearing KH 3 or KH 7 anti G suit at different metabolic levels(from 368~1 325 kJ/h), and environmental temperatures(20℃, 25℃ and 35℃). The thermal comfort in various conditions was evaluated by underclothing temperature and wettedness measured by self developed microclimate evaluating device as well as 3 kinds of subjective sensation scores: thermal sensation score, skin wettedness score and clothing wettedness score. Results The differences between indexes of thermal comfort wearing KH 3 anti G suit and those wearing KH 7 at various thermal and metabolic levels were non significant. The underclothing temperature and wettedness in condition of 20℃ and moderate high metabolic level (Group Ⅰ, Ⅱ) were significantly higher than those in condition of 20℃ and sedentation as well as those in condition of 25℃ and sedentation with short period of exercise (group V, VI). In the temperature of 35℃, the thermal comfort indexes ran high after conducting short period of exercise, and obvious discomfort was experienced. Conclusions KH 7 anti G suit did not give rise more thermal stress than that of KH 3. Under certain conditions, the metabolic levels affected the thermal comfort more strikingly than the environment temperatures did.

关 键 词：囊式抗荷服 代谢水平 环境温度 温度舒适性 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]