无喉者言语交流能力的初步调查  

Preliminary Investigation of Speech Communication Ability of Ala ryngeal Speaker

作　　者：周永青[1] 尚耀东[1] 李晓明[1] 陶振峰[1] 吴彦桥[1] 李红霞[1] 马宏敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]白求恩国际和平医院全军耳鼻咽喉病中心,石家庄050082

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2003年第4期249-252,共4页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

摘　　要：目的　调查无喉食管发音者和无喉无假体气管食管分流发音者的言语交流水平。同时 ,比较这两种无喉者对其发声方法和术后生活质量的满意度。方法　设计一调查表 ,邮寄给年龄、性别相当的两组无喉言语者。包括食管音组 2 2名 ,无假体气管食管音组 3 3名 ,共 55名。要求这些无喉者对他们在多种情景下的言语交流能力做出评判。同时 ,也要求他们对自己使用的发声方法和术后生活质量的满意度做出评判。用两等级资料比较的秩和检验分析数据 (P单侧 <0 .0 5,有统计学差异 )。结果　食管音组的调查表回复率 90 .9% (2 0 /2 2 ) ,气管食管分流音组回复率 81.8% (2 7/3 3 ) ,总回复率 85.5% (47/55)。两组在听距、背景噪声和公共场所等调查场景上的言语交流水平有显著性差异 ,无假体气管食管分流发音者强于食管发音者。其他调查场景均无显著性差异。另外 ,无假体气管食管分流音组对其使用的发声方法较食管音组满意。但两组无喉者对术后生活质量的满意度无显著性差异 ,均趋向于比较满意的等级。结论　尽管无假体气管食管分流音在无喉言语交流方面有许多优点 ,但从无喉者自身的感受讲 ,不同发声方法对无喉者生活质量并无明显的影响。所以 ,在选择无喉发声方法时 。Objective To assess speech communicat io n ability between esophageal speakers and tracheoesophageal shunt speakers witho ut prosthesis(TE speaker) and compare the satisfaction with different speech met hods and overall quality of their life since voice rehabilitation.Methods A questionnaire was mailed to each one of fifty-f ive living laryngectomees in our area,who were asked to rate their ability to co mmunicate in a number of common situations and to rate their satisfaction with d ifferent speech methods and overall quality of life since voice rehabilitation.T he subjects were twenty-two esophageal speakers and thirty-three TE speakers,who were comparable with respectively to age,sex and years since laryngectomy.Obta ined ranked-data were analyzed with H test(P<0.05).Results The two groups had remarked differences in abilit y to communicate at such common situations as hearing distance,surroundings noi se and public sites.TE group was superior to esophageal group in above situation s.There were differences between two groups in other situations.On the other han d,TE speakers were more satisfied with their current me thod than esophagea l spea kers.Two groups had no difference in overall quality of life since voice rehabil itation,they all tend to better ranks in this point.Conclusion Although the TE speakers without prosthesis ha ve many advantages in alaryngeal speech communication,there are no differences i n overall quality of postoperative life between two groups from self-perception of la ryngectomees.So patient′s preference should be more considered when doctors cho ose alaryngeal speech methods.

关 键 词：喉切除术 发声重建 无喉言语 调查 

分 类 号：R767.92[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]