黄河下游最经济输沙水量及其估算  

The Most Economical Water Volume for the Sediment Transport of the Lower Yellow River and Its Preliminary Estimation

作　　者：石伟[1] 王光谦[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2003年第5期32-36,共5页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)资助项目(G19990436);清华大学"985"校级重点科研项目软课题资助项目

摘　　要：从河流输沙水量的概念出发,根据输沙平衡原理推导出在考虑河道冲淤、引水引沙情况下河流最经济输沙水量的计算式。由此式可知,输沙水量与含沙量成反比;并且通过对实测资料的分析,得到输沙水量与流量也成类似的反比关系。最经济输沙水量是输沙效率与河道淤积状况综合最优时的输沙水量,也就是平滩流量时对应的输沙水量。以小浪底水库运用前20年黄河下游河道基本不淤及年引沙量为1 0～2 0亿t为条件,选取月均平滩流量3500m3 s、月均含沙量40～100kg m3,得到黄河下游在维持良好输沙功能前提下的最经济输沙水量为10～25m3 t。Based on the concept of the water volume for the sediment transport and the theory of sediment balance, the formula that is to calculate the most economical water volume for sediment transport of a river is developed with the consideration of the degradation and aggradation in the watercourse, and of the water diversion and the sediment diversion from the stream. In the formula the water volume for the sediment transport is in inverse proportion to the sediment concentration. Besides, based on the analyses of field data the water volume for the sediment transport is in inverse proportion to the flow discharge too. The water volume for the sediment transport is most economical on condition that the sediment transport efficiency and the sediment deposition ratio of the watercourse are optimum at the bankfull discharge. With the operation of the Xiaolangdi Project, the most economical water volume will be 10～25 m3/t on condition that the sediment deposition ratio of the watercourse is zero, the sediment diversion is 10～20×108 t, the mean monthly bankfull discharge is 3 500 m3/s, and the mean monthly sediment concentration is 40～100 kg/m3. 

关 键 词：黄河下游 输沙水量 平滩流量 小浪底水库 泥沙输运 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]