生物系统进化的自发性准则——自适应函数  

Self-adaptation function as a criterion for evolution of biological system

作　　者：袁乃驹[1] 刘铮[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学化学工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2003年第10期1304-1308,共5页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

摘　　要：生物进化是一个非常复杂的自发过程,研究该过程对于加深对自然界的认识具有深刻意义。该文作者认为:生物进化的本质是生物为适应生存环境的变化而对自身生存状态进行的自调节;调节过程包括生物与外界进行的质量、能量及信息的交换;进化的结果是生物本身结构复杂性的提高。作为研究工作的第一步,该文试图从宏观热力学的角度判定生物进化过程发生的可能性。为此,提出了自适应函数φ的概念,并证明它是生物体系外界负熵的函数。利用这一概念对生物进化现象进行了讨论。当dφ<0时,进化过程可自发进行,即其有序性增加。Study of the biological evolutionary process, which is a spontaneous process of great complexity, is of fundamental importance to our understanding of nature. Biological evolution is the selfadaptation of living organisms in response to environmental changes involving the exchange of mass, energy, and information between the biological species and the environment. Evolution leads to an increased complexity of the organism's structure. As a first step towards a quantitative description of the evolutionary process, evolutionary probability was analyzed from the viewpoint of chemical thermodynamics. A selfadaptation function, φ, was defined as a function of the negative input of environmental entropy. The evolutionary process was then analyzed using the selfadaptation function. Evolution occurs when dφ<0, leading to increased order of the structure of the biological species. 

关 键 词：生物系统进化 自发性准则 自适应函数 宏观热力学 负熵 

分 类 号：Q111[生物学—普通生物学] O414.11[理学—理论物理]