转Bt基因保铃棉对棉田杂草群落组成与多样性的影响  

COMPOSITION AND DIVERSITY OF THE WEED COMMUNITY IN TRANSGENIC BT COTTON (FOUR BOLLGARD STRAINS) FIELDS

作　　者：柏立新[1] 张龙娃[1] 陈小波[2] 冯汉金 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所,南京210014 [2]江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所,如皋226541 [3]江苏大丰棉花原种场,大丰224100

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2003年第5期610-616,共7页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：国家科技部"十五"攻关课题(2001-BA509805);江苏省"十五"攻关课题(BE2001342)

摘　　要：应用群落生态学方法研究了转＆基因抗虫保铃棉(Cossypium hirsutum)‘972’、‘109B’、‘690’与‘154’种植后对江苏沿海的大丰旱作棉区与沿江的如皋水旱轮作棉区棉田杂草的影响风险。同地同期测定结果显示:不同保铃棉品系棉田杂草物种丰富度(S)、个体数量(N)、群落多样性(H’)、均匀度(J)与优势集中性(C)值在对照品种(‘泗棉3号’与‘苏棉16’)棉田上下波动,优势种及其多度基本接近。两地五期的综合分析结果显示各保铃棉品系杂草群落多样性、均匀度都略高于对照棉,而优势集中性都略低于对照棉。不同抗性保铃棉品系棉田杂草群落特征参数组分对群落多样性的直接间接作用与对照品种棉田的趋势基本一致。同一生态类型棉区的保铃棉高抗、中抗品系与对照品种棉田杂草的种相似性系数与群落相似性系数都较高。上述结果表明,转基因抗虫保铃棉品系棉田的杂草群落稳定性并不比对照品种的差,因保铃棉品系本身产生新的恶性杂草风险的可能性并不明显。In order to evaluate the ecological safety and planting risk of insect resistant transgenic cotton, the composition and diversity of the weed community in transgenic Bt cotton (four Bollgard strains: 109B , ' 154' ,' 690' and ' 972') fields were studied by means of the quantitative analysis method in Dafeng of Jiang-su coastal district and Rugao of Jiangsu Changjiang River bank district. There were marked differences in water content of soil due to differences in crop rotation systems (i.e. rotation with rice following dry-cropping) between cotton fields. The experimental design was as follows: five treatments include four Bollgard strains and traditional variety and four replicates in each location. Each plot area is about 60 m . The traditional variety check was Simian-3 in Dafeng and Sumian-16 in Rugao respectively. All weed species and their number were investigated with the sampled method of five spots per plot and the spots area investigated per plot was 2.5m2 in Dafeng and 1.25 m in Rugao respectively. The average of weed species and number per square meter for each treatment was calculated. The parameters and components analysis of weed community for each treatment and coefficients of weed species/community similarity between each of four Bollgard strains and traditional variety check were calculated and analyzed also. The results showed: 1) no significant difference in weed species was found between each of four transgenic Bollgard cotton strains and the traditional variety checked in the same location. The dominant species and their abundance were very similar among them.2) the parameters of weed community structure included species richness( S) , total number of individuals(N) , community diversity ( H' ) , evenness( J) , and concentration( C) in each of the transgenic Bt cotton (four Bollgard strains) fluctuated similarly to the ones in the traditional variety in the same date and same location. The results of comprehensive analysis for two locations showed that the value of community diversity(H') an

关 键 词：转BT基因棉 杂草群落 多样性 相似性 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]