基于多尺度遥感测量的区域土地覆盖格局研究  

STUDY ON REGIONAL LAND COVER PATTERNS DERIVED FROM MULTI- SCALE REMOTELY SENSED DATA

作　　者：李晓兵[1] 陈云浩[1] 李霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源科学研究所,北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部熏点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2003年第5期577-586,共10页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30000027);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目"草地与农牧交错带生态系统重建机理及优化生态生产模式"(G2000018604);北京师范大学青年基金资助

摘　　要：利用1 km、4 km和8 km 3种空间分辨率的NOAA/AVHRR数字影像,对中国NECT样带西部地区进行了土地覆盖分类及其景观特征的比较研究。重点比较了几种空间分辨率遥感数据分类结果边界的一致性和空间差异,以及影像所记录的景观格局的差异。为进一步在不同尺度上研究景观变化过程以及尺度转换研究奠定了基础。研究表明:3种空间分辨率的遥感影像所反映的区域土地覆盖的宏观空间格局是一致的,但类型的边界、每一类型斑块的形状和数量均产生较大的差异;经过对反映景观空间结构的4种指标(分维数、破碎度、多样性、优势度)的比较显示出随着遥感影像空间分辨率的变化,影像所反映的景观结构发生了较大的变化。其中,各覆盖类型的分维数表现出最大差异,表征着空间分辨率的变化对斑块复杂程度的影响最大。We estimated quantitatively the effect of spatial scale magnification on land cover monitoring and landscape characteristics at regional scale, using different spatial remotely sensed data from RS ( Remote Sensing) , GIS (Geographic Information System) and GPS (Global Positioning System) , and taking the west of the Northeast China Transect (NECT), one of the IGBP international transects in China, as the study area. A comparison study on land cover classification and landscape characteristics, using NOAA/AVHRR digital images of 3 different spatial resolutions, was performed in this paper in the study area. USGS EROS (Earth Resources Observation System) Data Center (EDC) provided the monthly remote sensing images as data resources , which were in uniform tempo and region at three different spatial resolutions: 1 km × 1 km, 4 km × 4 km and 8 km x 8 km, spanning a 12-month period (April 1992-March 1993). Firstly, unsupervised classification algorithm ISODATA was employed to process 3 different spatial resolution images and obtained land classification information. Secondly, information transfer among different resolution images was calculated using a map algebraic algorithm. Finally, regional landscape characteristics of land cover types at different spatial scales were compared, taking landscape spatial structure indices such as fractal dimension, fragmentation, diversity and dominance as standards. Particular emphasis was put on the comparison of boundary consistency and spatial difference of classification result from remotely sensed data at 3 different spatial resolutions, and the difference of landscape pattern revealed by the images. The study results showed: 1) 9 land cover types obtained from remote sensing data were: temperate deciduous broadleaf forest, temperate upland deciduous leaflet forest, single crops + temperate typical steppe, temperate deciduous scrub and low forest, temperate meadow steppe, temperate typical steppe, temperate desert steppe, meadow + graminaceous swamp and water body; 2) the ma

关 键 词：多尺度遥感 土地覆盖 景观特征 NECT样带 

分 类 号：S127[农业科学—农业基础科学]