栉孔扇贝急性病毒性坏死症病原人工感染研究  

Artificial infection of cultured scallop Chlamys farreri by pathogen from acute virus necrobiotic disease

作　　者：艾海新[1] 王崇明[2] 王秀华[2] 刘英杰[3] 李赟[4] 黄剑宇[2] 贺桂珍[4] 宋微波[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院,黄海水产研究所,农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室,山东,青岛,266071,中国海洋大学,教育部海水养殖重点实验室,山东,青岛,266003 [2]中国水产科学研究院,黄海水产研究所,农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室,山东,青岛,266071 [3]中国水产科学研究院,渔业资源环境保护中心,北京,100039 [4]中国海洋大学,教育部海水养殖重点实验室,山东,青岛,266003

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2003年第5期386-391,共6页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家重点基础研究规划项目课题资助(G1999012001).

摘　　要：从发病疫区栉孔扇贝(Chlamysfarreri)组织中分离出病毒和立克次体(Rickettsiaorganism,RO),对健康栉孔扇贝进行人工感染。结果显示,病毒注射组死亡率为75%,病毒浸浴组死亡率为68.7%;RO注射组死亡率仅为18.7%;灭活RO注射组死亡率为31%;灭活病毒注射和空白对照组死亡率皆为12.5%;病毒注射、浸浴组与灭活病毒注射组、空白对照组死亡率有显著差异。而RO注射组与灭活RO注射组、空白对照组死亡率没有显著差异。电镜复检结果显示,发病扇贝的外套膜、鳃、消化腺组织中分布有大量病毒粒子,该病毒粒子的形态特征、病理学特征与自然海区发病扇贝中的病毒粒子特征完全一致。人工感染实验结果证明,栉孔扇贝急性病毒性坏死病毒(A cuteVirusNecrobioticVirus,AVNV)是栉孔扇贝大规模死亡的直接病原。Since 1997, the disease outbreaking in cultured scallops along Shandong coastal line has caused great deal of death in Chlamys farreri. The infectious virus and infectious Rickettsia organism(RO), which were isolated from the moribund Chlamys farreri in the outbreak area were used to infect the healthy cultured scallop C.farreri. The experimental results indicated that the mortality of the scallop reached 75% while the median lethal time was 9 -10 d after the virus injection. The mortality of the scallop reached 68.7% and the median lethal time was 11-12 d after the infection by virus soaking. The mortality of the scallop only reached 18.7% by RO injecting, only slightly higher than that in the control (12.5%). The mortalities of the scallop infected by virusinjecting and by virussoaking were obviously different from those infected by nonactive virusinjecting and in the control. But for the ROinfected groups, the mortalities among the injected group, the nonactiveinjected group and the control had no significant difference. The electron microscopic examinations revealed the presence of spherical virus in the mantellum, gill and digestive gland, and the morphological and pathological characters of the virus were identical with those found in those diseased in natural sea waters. The results of the infection exhibited that the pathogen of the massive death of the scallop was acute virus necrobiotic virus.

关 键 词：栉孔扇贝 急性病毒性坏死症 病原 人工感染 病毒 立克次体 形态特征 病理学特征 

分 类 号：S944.43[农业科学—水产养殖]