中国水螅属一新种(螅形目,水螅科)  

A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS HYDRA FROM CHINA (HYDRIDA, HYDRARIDAE)

作　　者：范学铭[1] 史新柏 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学生命与环境科学学院生物学系,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《动物分类学报》2003年第4期610-613,共4页Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金;黑龙江省教育厅自然科学基金;蔡火石生命科学发展基金资助项目

摘　　要：记述水螅科水螅属 1新种 :哈尔滨水螅Hydraharbinensissp .nov .。本种与其它已报告的雌雄同体水螅有明显区别 ,只与美洲的海曼水螅较为相似 ,但也有不同 ,其与海曼水螅的区别为 :生活于静水 ,能直立并可横向附着生活 ,实验室培养用储放的自来水可正常生活及生殖。粘刺丝囊小型。胚鞘的鞘膜表面有网格 ,每根圆锥形的棘刺发自每一网格中央 ,棘刺无结节 ,不分叉。精巢数目为 2～ 6个 ,卵为 4～ 6个。模式标本保存于哈尔滨师范大学生命与环境科学学院生物学系无脊椎动物研究室。A new species:Hydra harbinensis sp. nov. is described. H.harbinensis is only similar to H.hymanae (Hadley and Forrest, 1949), but many distinctions between the two species can be still detect- ed. 1) The new species lives in still water, and can climb to the side or bottom of the container. It can live and reproduce in stored tap water under laboratory conditions. However, H.hymanae occurs on the undersides of leaves and stones in rapidly flowing brooks, the basal end of the column commonly shows a distinct curve, and the body is parallel with the substratum. The latter can be cultured successfully only when kept in very cold, filtered water obtained from its natural habitat and has a slow rate of reproduction. 2) The size of the largest artrichous isorhizas in the new species is only equal to that of the smallest one in H.hymanae. 3) The new species may form 2-6 unpapillary blunt cone-shaped testes, and 4-6 eggs; H.hymanae forms 12 testes which sometimes have a papillary shape, and only two eggs. 4) The spines of the new species are not knobbed at the tip on the outer surface of the embryo theca, which is different from the knobbed end of spines in H.Hymanae. Holotype 86(hermaphroditic), Harbin City (45°74′N,126°69′E),2 Sep.1997, Heilongjiang Province, collected by FAN Xue-Ming. The type specimen is deposited in the Laboratory of Invertebrate Zoology, Department of Biology, Harbin Normal University.

关 键 词：中国 水螅属 新种 螅形目 水螅科 

分 类 号：Q959.13[生物学—动物学]