超高产水稻组合‘培矮64S/E32’的耐光氧化特性及其机理  

The Characters and Mechanism of Photooxidation Tolerance in Leaves of Peiai64S/E32, a Super High-yielding Hybrid Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

作　　者：欧志英[1] 彭长连[1] 林桂珠[1] 温学[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物研究所,广州510650

出　　处：《植物学通报》2003年第5期558-564,共7页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划 (G1 9980 1 0 1 0 0 )项目资助

摘　　要：甲基紫精 (MV)介导的光氧化导致两个水稻品种‘汕优 63’(目前我国大面积推广的杂交水稻 )和‘培矮 64S/E32’(新培育的超高产杂交水稻 )细胞电解质渗漏率都增加 ,前者增加的量大于后者 ,显示‘培矮 64S/E32’的细胞膜系统受光氧化的伤害小。光氧化条件下 ,‘培矮 64S/E32’仍能维持较高的光合放氧能力 (Amax、Φi)、PSⅡ活性 (Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ )和叶绿素荧光猝灭系数 (qP、NPQ) ,而且光氧化引起‘培矮 64S/E32’这些参数的下降幅度也小。另外 ,光氧化导致了两个水稻品种抗氧化酶SOD和APX活性增加 ,‘培矮 64S/E32’增加的幅度约为‘汕优 63’的 3倍。Increase in cell membrane ion leakage was induced by Methyl Viologen_mediated photooxidation in two rice cultivars, ‘Shanyou63' (developed hybrid cultivar) and ‘Peiai64S/E32' (super high_yielding hybrid cultivar). More increment of cell membrane leakage was shown in ‘Shanyou63' than that in ‘Peiai64S/E32' which means less damage to cell membrane in ‘Peiai64S/E32' than in ‘Shanyou63' under photooxidation. ‘Peiai64S/E32' had higher values of photosynthetic oxygen evolution competence (A max , Φ i )、PSⅡ activity (F v/F m, ΦPSⅡ) and chlorophyll fluorescence quenching coefficient (qP, NPQ) and less reduction under photooxidation in comparison with ‘Shanyou63'. In addition, ‘Peiai64S/E32' had as much as 3 folds increase in activities of SOD and APX than ‘Shanyou63' under photooxidation. These results indicated that super high_yielding rice ‘Peiai64S/E32' exhibited more resistance to photooxidation mediated by MV than ‘Shanyou63'.

关 键 词：超高产水稻 甲基紫精 光氧化 抗氧化酶 品种 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]