塑料暗管排水对水稻的增产作用  

STUDIES ON EFFECT OF DRAINAGE BY UNDERGROUND PLASTIC PIPE UPON THE RICE YIELD

作　　者：杨金楼[1] 朱济成[1] 朱连龙[1] 柯福源[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,上海201106

出　　处：《上海农业学报》1992年第2期41-46,共6页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

摘　　要：塑料暗管排水自70年代末上海市农科院土肥所在我国稻田首次应用以来,经过6年多田间测试得出:稻田渗漏量比无管对照田增加2.55mm/d。土壤中还原物质(总量、活性还原物、Fe^(2+)、Mn^(2+))平均降低15.3％—37.4％;土壤水中游离CO_2、活性还原物、Fe^(2+)、H_2S平均降低16.4％,水溶氧增高49.2％;搁田4d,0-25cm土层内气相容积增加3.4％(增幅92.0％),为根系生长创造了良好环境条件,根系活力明显提高(+71％);磷素吸收量成倍增加,吸收钾量增加17％左右;水稻纹枯病发病率降低72.3％;从而使水稻活热高产,一般可增产稻谷23.6±10.3kg/亩,增幅达6.2±2.8％。其增产作用主要是增加实粒数和千粒重,减少空秕率。The drainage by underground plastic pipe in rice field was initially applied to our experimentai field in 1979. Data obtained from a more than six-year-old field trial showed that soft percolation in rice field with underground plastic pipe increased by 2.55mm/d as compared with the CK field (without underground plastic pipe). Soil reducing substance decreased by 15.3%—37.4% ; soil free CO_2, active reducing substance, Fe^(2+) ,H_2S decreased by about 16.4%, however, water-soluble oxygen increased by 49.2%. The 4th day after drainage, gas phase volume in soil layer of 0—25 cm increased by 3.4%, therefore the roots of plant could grow well under such a good environmental condition. Rice plants that grew in the field with underground plastic pipe also had a good resistance to sheath blight. The trial results indicated that the major factors of increasing rice yield in the field with underground plastic pipe were increment in number of fertilized grains and in 1000-grain weight as well as the decrement of empty grain rate.

关 键 词：土壤 渗漏量 湿度 增产效果 水稻 

分 类 号：S511.107.2[农业科学—作物学]