广州市交通警察淋巴细胞DNA损伤的研究  

A study on lymphocyte DNA damage in traffic policemen in Guangzhou

作　　者：朱昌淇[1] 林大庆[2] 江朝强[1] 韦拔雄[1] 陈月华[1] 许启荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市职业病防治院,510620 [2]香港大学社会医学系

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2003年第1期41-44,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：广东省科技厅重点科研项目 ( 98- 131)

摘　　要：目的　研究交通警察的职业暴露与吸烟对淋巴细胞DNA损伤的影响。方法　研究对象为广州市 8个区的交通警共 812人 (男 741人、女 71人 ,其中内勤 130人、外勤 6 82人 )。静脉取血 ,以淋巴细胞分离液分离淋巴细胞。以彗星电泳的方法测定淋巴细胞DNA的损伤。结果　未经校正的结果表明 ,内勤警平均年龄 [(37.7± 9.5 )岁 ]较外勤警 [(32 .3± 8.1)岁 ]大 ,且差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。性别 (P =0 .0 8)与年龄 (P =0 .45 )对DNA损伤无影响。外勤警淋巴细胞彗星尾矩为 4.2 0μm ,95 % CI为 3.98～ 4.42 μm ,内勤警为 3 .2 3μm ,95 % CI为 2 .82～ 3.70 μm ,表明外勤警的DNA损伤较内勤警为重 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。吸烟者淋巴细胞彗星尾矩为 4.6 6 μm ,95 % CI为 4.37～4.97μm ,不吸烟者为3.47μm ,95 % CI为 3 .2 1～ 3 .75 μm ,而戒烟者则为 3.2 8(2 .5 7～ 4.17) μm ,表明吸烟者的DNA损伤较戒烟者和不吸烟者为重 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。在非吸烟者中 ,仅在家中的被动吸烟可使DNA损伤增加 ,但如果将外勤警除外 ,则工作场所的被动吸烟也可使DNA损伤增加。以协方差分析调整了各因素的影响 ,发现外勤警的职业、吸烟与女性性别可使淋巴细胞DNA损伤增加 ,且差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。Objective To study the effect of occupational exposure to traffic exhaust and smoking on DNA damage in traffic policemen. Methods 812 traffic policemen(741 men and 71 women,130 of office-work and 682 of outside work) from 8 districts in Guangzhou were investigated.Blood samples were taken by venipuncture and lymphocytes were collected by using lymphocyte separation medium and centrifugation.The comet assay was used to measure DNA damage. Results The office-work policemen[(37.7±9.5)years] were older than the outside-work ones[(32.3±8.1)years,P<0.001].No significant difference was observed in sex(P=0.08) and age (P=0.45).Comet assay showed that occupational exposure to traffic exhaust significantly increased tail length [4.20 μm,95%CI: (3.98～4.42)μm vs 3.23 μm,95%CI:(2.82～3.7)μm,P<0.001].Smokers had longer tail length[ 4.66 μm,95%CI:(4.37～4.97)μm] than ex-smokers[3.28 μm,95%CI:(2.57～4.17)μm] and nonsmokers [ 3.47 μm,95%CI:(3.21～3.75)μm,P<0.001].In nonsmokers,significant increase in tail length was observed by passive smoking at home(P=0.004) but not at work(P=0.22).When out-door nonsmokers were excluded,passive smoking at work also significantly increased tail length(P=0.007).Analysis of covariance showed that occupational exposure to traffic exhaust,tobacco smoking,and female had independent effect on lymphocyte DNA damage(P<0.001) after these factors were adjusted.Passive smoking and age had no effect on lymphocyte DNA damage. Conclusions Occupational exposure to traffic exhaust and tobacco smoking respectively increase lymphocyte DNA damage.Female traffic policemen may have more severe DNA damage than male.

关 键 词：广州市 交通警察 淋巴细胞DNA损伤 研究 职业暴露 吸烟 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]