芥菜型多室油菜与甘蓝型油菜的种间远缘杂交  

Interspecific distant hybridization between Brassica juncea with multiloculus and Brassica napus

作　　者：赵洪朝[1] 杜德志[1] 刘青元[1] 张梅妞[1] 余青兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省农林科学院,西宁810016

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2003年第9期1587-1591,共5页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院资助项目"甘蓝型多室油菜资源的创建 "

摘　　要：通过对芥菜型多室油菜与甘蓝型油菜种间杂交 以下简写为芥×甘或甘×芥 的结实性、交配性以及不同甘蓝型油菜对交配性的影响等研究发现:芥、甘正反交形成的饱满种子数较少,其形成种子的能力弱,但是芥×甘与甘×芥杂交相比,芥×甘形成饱满种子的能力较强,受精能力以及杂种胚胎的发育能力也强,在授粉后的子房发育上二者无显著差异.所以,芥菜型多室油菜与甘蓝型油菜种间杂交创建新资源时宜采用芥×甘杂交方式;不同甘蓝型油菜品种与芥菜型多室油菜正反交的结角率、受精指数、结籽指数和可交配指数均不相同,但可交配指数的变异系数最大.因此,筛选可交配性强的甘蓝型基因型应着眼于可交配指数高的甘蓝型油菜亲本材料,根据本试验结果,芥菜型多室油菜与甘蓝型油菜93-221-1杂交形成的杂种胚具有较强的可发育性.Seed setting, crossability, and influnce of different Brassica napus genotypes in interspecific hybridization between Brassica napus and Brassica juncea with multiloculus were studied, the result showed that less full seeds were formed by reciprocal crossing, but the ability of Brassica juncea×Brassica napus to form full seeds was stronger than that of Brassica napus×Brassica juncea; and its fertile rate and hybrid embryo development was also stronger, however there was no significant difference on ovary development after pollinating. So the way of Brassica juncea×Brassica napus should adopted in setting up new resource of interspecific hybridization. The pods rate, the fertile index, the seed index and the crossability index by reciprocal crossing between different varieties in Brassica napus×Brassica juncea with multiloculus were all different, and CV of crossability index was max, so to screen genotype in Brassica napus with stronger crossability should aim at parent materials in Brassica napus with high crossability index. From the experiment, the hybrid embryo through Brassica juncea with multiloculus×932211 in B.napus had stronger developmental ability.

关 键 词：芥菜型油菜 甘蓝型油菜 多室性状 远缘杂交 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学] S565.4[农业科学—作物学]