植物人工异源多倍体的遗传及后遗传变化  

Rapid Genetic and Epigenetic Changes in Synthetc Plant Allopolyploids

作　　者：关和新[1] 陆普媛[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,南宁530004 [2]广西大学图书馆,南宁530004

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2003年第9期34-39,共6页China Biotechnology

基　　金：广西教育厅资助项目 (批准号 [2 0 0 2 ] 3 16号 )

摘　　要：据估计 ,70 %以上的显花植物在其生活史上至少发生过一次以上的多倍化。传统的有关多倍性的观点认为 ,多倍体基因组应是其双亲基因组的积加。但是 ,有些合成异源多倍体的基因组发生了广泛的遗传及后遗传变化。这些变化包括亲本DNA序列丢失、核仁显性、DNA甲基化模式改变、基因沉默、反转座子激活等。亲本序列丢失可能与部分同源序列间重组有关 ,而亲本基因沉默可能与同源性依赖的基因沉默及RNA干涉等有关。It was estimated that over 70% of flowering plants had at least one event of polyploidization in their evolutionary lineage.According to the classical view of allopolyploidy,genomic additivity would be expected in allopolyploids with respect to their parental species.However,widespread genetic and/or epigenetic changes were observed in some artificial allopolyploids.These changes involved loss of some parental DNA sequences,nucleolar dominance,alteration in DNA methylation patterns,gene silence,and activation of retrotransposon,etc.Homeologous recombination might be responsible for parental sequence elimination in some species,whereas parental gene silence in some cases was due to homology-dependent gene silence and/or RNA interference,etc.;

关 键 词：植物 人工异源多倍体 遗传 后遗传 基因沉默 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]