两系法杂交稻两优培九结实率稳定性及其与温度的关系  

Stablility of Seed Setting Rate for a Two-Line Hybrid Rice Liangyoupeijiu in Associated with Temperature

作　　者：吕川根[1] 宗寿余[1] 赵凌[1] 王才林[1] 孙永华[1] 邹江石[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2003年第4期339-342,共4页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家 8 6 3计划项目 ( 2 0 0 1AA2 1 1 1 51 );国家 86 3计划重大专项资助项目;江苏省自然科学基金重点项目 (BK991 99)

摘　　要：分析了 1999～ 2 0 0 0年中国南方稻区 19个区域试验点和 5个生产试验点两优培九的结实率和产量。与汕优 63相比 ,两优培九结实率要低 4 3～ 7 5个百分点 ,但变异系数相近 ;产量水平及其变异系数则相近。在南京 (3 2°3′N ,118°48′E) 5月5～ 2 5日播种 ,两优培九在 9月 4日之前齐穗 ,结实率为 75%～ 90 % ,产量在 1kg/m2 以上 ;播种期推迟至 6月 14～ 15日 ,出穗期将延迟至 9月 17～ 2 1日 ,结实率比适宜播期的结实率低 10～ 15个百分点。开花受精期 5d日均温平均值在 13 7～ 2 8 5℃范围内 ,温度每增加 1℃ ,受精率提高 1 9%～ 10 7%。花粉育性与始花前 5d日均温平均值呈极显著的二次多项式相关。抽穗期适宜日均温 (受精率≥ 90 % )和安全日均温 (受精率≥ 75% )分别为 2 6 5℃和 2 2 9℃。结果显示 ,北纬 3 4°以南地区为两优培九适宜种植区 ,宜将开花期安排在日均温为 2 6～ 2In comparison with an indica hybrid rice Shanyou 63 (CK), Liangyoupeijiu, a two-line indica hybrid rice, showed the seed setting r ate of 75.2%-77.2% which was lower by 4 3%-7 5% than that of CK, and approxima te values of grain yield and its variance as planting in southern China in 1999 -2000. Sowing during 5-25th, May in Nanjing (32°3′N, 118°48′E), China, Liang youpeijiu headed before 4th, September, showed seed setting rate of 75%-90%, an d grain yield over 1 kg/m 2 . Its heading date would be late as 17-21st, Se ptember, and seed setting rate would be lowed by 10%-15% in comparison with a su itable sowing date if its sowing date be delayed as 14-15th, June. When flowerin g took place within an average daily temperature range from 13 7-28 5℃, spike let fertility (SP) of rice was increased by 1 9%-10 7%, for each degree rise o f temperature. The suitable (SP≥90%) and safe (SP≥75%) temperatures at floweri ng stage were 26 5℃ and 22 9℃, respectively. To get a high and stable se ed setting rate for cultivating Liangyoupeijiu, areas being south of 34°N wou ld be suitable, and the average daily temperature during heading stage would be at 26-28℃.

关 键 词：两系法 杂交稻 结实率 稳定性 温度 

分 类 号：S511.03[农业科学—作物学]