集合种群强物种种群的演化特性  

The evolution characters of the best competitor of metapopulation

作　　者：林振山[1] Larry Li 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210097 [2]Ecological Complexity and Modeling L ab.

出　　处：《生态学报》2003年第9期1731-1736,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"十五""211"工程重大资助项目~~

摘　　要：大量的数值模拟研究表明:(1)集合种群里最强物种种群对栖息地占有率相对较少时,较小的栖息地毁坏率就可以导致该最强物种种群与其它奇数物种种群一起退化;(2)而最强物种种群对栖息地占有率相对较多则是导致集合种群里弱物种种群集体灭绝的内因;(3)当栖息地的毁坏率大于最强物种种群对栖息地的占有率时,最强物种种群将先灭绝而使得弱物种种群进化为强物种种群或新的更强的强物种种群。Loss of habitat due to human activities is a major threat to biological diversity, and habitat destruction may be the major reason of species extinctions. The fragmentation of natural habitat is the primary cause of current species extinction crisis. The predictions are made by an extension of metapopulation models to multispecies competition. Two points of interest and important questions are: what effects will be exerted on the best competitor of metapopulation by a light habitat destruction? What effects will be exerted on the inferior competitors by the superior competitors when the habitat is destructed ? By mathematic analysis, we discover the relation between the number of extinct species and the habitat destruction ratio under the critical restriction condition. The considerable numerical simulations show the following results under the condition of best competitors with most abundant, equal mortality: (1) both coordinate evolution and coordinate degeneration are existed in metapopulation when habitat destruct lightly; (2) if the best competitor is not strong enough,it will degenerate as a poor one while species n2 will evolve as the best competitor as the habitat is destructed lightly;(3) if the best competitor is very strong,it will be the internal cause which driving the poor competitors extinct;(4) There exists two mechanisms of species extinction or metapopulation as habitat destruction, that is the best competitor goes extinct or the poor competitors go collective extinction. 

关 键 词：集合种群 生境毁坏 演化 动力学机制 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]