电厂噪声作业工人累积接噪量与听力损害关系  

Initial study of relationship between cumulative noise exposure and hearing loss in noised exposed workers of power plant

作　　者：陈全胜[1] 许勤[1] 朱亮[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省职业病防治研究所,安徽合肥230022 [2]淮南市职业病防治所,安徽淮南233007

出　　处：《疾病控制杂志》2003年第5期417-419,共3页Chinese Journal of Disease Control and Prevention

摘　　要：目的　了解电厂噪声作业工人的听力损失发生状况以及与噪声累积暴露量的关系。方法　采用横断面研究方法 ,研究对象为参加噪声作业一年以上的无耳疾患史的 35 6名工人 ,调查年龄、性别、噪声作业的工龄、听力损失情况和作业场所噪声强度。结果　作业工人听力损失的发生率为 31.74%(按人数计 )。听力损失发生率在男、女性别上的分布差别无显著意义。听力损失发生率随累积接触量的增加而增加 ,存在典型的剂量 -反应关系 ,呈明显正相关 (r =0 .9916 ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　累积接噪量能较全面反映噪声作业工人噪声接触水平 ,是评价噪声暴露与听力损害剂量 -反应关系最好的暴露评价指标。Objective To understand the incidence of hearing loss in a power plant workers exposed to noise and explore the relationship between hearing loss and cumulative noise exposure. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 356 employees exposed to noise for more than one year without any ear disorders. Their age, sex and hearing loss and noise level in the workplace were investigated. Results Incidence rate of hearing loss was 31.74% in the workers exposed to noise. There was no significant difference between different sex on incidence rate of hearing loss (χ 2=3.47, P>0.05). But the incidence rate of hearing loss was increased with cumulative noise exposure, there was a typical dose-response relationship. It was obviously positive correlation ( r=0.991 6, P<0.05). Conclusions Cumulative noise exposure could be used to reflect the level of the workers noise exposure roundly and is one of the best potential candidate models for assessing the dose-response relationship between hearing loss and industrial continuous noise exposure.

关 键 词：噪声 职业卫生 累积接噪量 听力损害 剂量-反应关系 

分 类 号：R135.8[医药卫生—劳动卫生]