广东省儿童乙型肝炎疫苗纳入计划免疫管理10年后血清学效果分析  

The Analysis of Serological Immune Effect after HB Vaccine Being Brought into the Expanded Program on Immunization for Ten Years in Guangdong Province

作　　者：罗耀星[1] 李建基[1] 邓峰[1] 李晖[1] 张吉凯[1] 蔡汉港[1] 陆碧茹[1] 赵占杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广州510300

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2003年第5期293-296,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：为研究广东省乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )疫苗纳入计划免疫管理 10年后儿童血清乙肝病毒感染标志物 (HBVM )的变化 ,采用分层多阶段随机抽样法 ,将全省分 4层 ,共抽取 12个县 2 4个村的 196 3名儿童为研究样本。采血用固相放射免疫法 (SPRIA)检测乙肝病毒表面抗原 (HBsAg)、乙肝病毒核心抗体 (抗 HBc)、乙肝病毒表面抗体 (抗 HBs)。2 0 0 2年调查 1～ 14岁儿童乙肝疫苗接种率为 78 81% ,全程接种率为 74 17%。其中 1～ 9岁儿童乙肝疫苗全程接种率为 81 73% ,10～ 14岁为 6 0 32 %。 1～ 14岁儿童HBsAg携带率、抗 HBc阳性率、HBV感染率分别从 1992年的 19 86 %、5 3 5 9%、71 4 1%降至 2 0 0 2年的 8 5 6 %、2 2 5 7%、31 33%。其中 1～ 9岁儿童的HBsAg携带率、抗 HBc阳性率、HBV感染率分别从 1992年的 17 88%、4 7 0 9%、6 7 4 4 %下降至 2 0 0 2年的 5 75 %、14 4 9%、2 1 81%。乙肝疫苗接种后 ,1～ 3岁儿童抗 HBs阳性率为 5 2 0 2 %～ 6 2 18%。由于实施了加强免疫 ,4～ 14岁儿童的抗 HBs维持在 5 9 32 %～ 6 5 80 %。广东省乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫管理 10年后 ,全省 1～ 14岁儿童HBV感染率已大幅度下降 ,抗 HBs阳性率大幅度升高 ,取得了良好的经济和社会效益。In order to study the changes of hepatitis B virus markers(HBVM)in children in Guangdong Province since introduction of hepatitis B vaccine into expanded program on immunization in 1992,four stratifications including twelve counties,twenty four villages and 1963 children were drawn out by the method of multistage stratified sampling HBsAg、anti-HBc and anti-HBs in the blood samples were detected by SPRIA method In 2002 in 1～14 years old children observed,the immunization coverage rate was 78 81%;the three-dose HB vaccination rates was 74 17%,but 81 73% and 60 32% of them respectively were 1～9 and 10～14 years old children The positive rates of HBsAg,anti-HBc and infection rate of HBV all decreased from 19 86%,53 59% and 71 41% in 1992 to 8 56%,22 57% and 31 33% in 2002 respectively For 1～9 year old children,the positive rates of HBsAg,anti-HBc and HBV all decreased from 17 88%,47 09% and 67 44% in 1992 to 5 75%,14 49% and 21 81% in 2002 respectively. After the inoculation of HB vaccine,the positive rate of anti-HBs was 52 02%～62 18% in the children of 1～3 years old and was 59 32%～65 80% in 4-14 age groups of children because of supplementary immunization.Since hepatitis B vaccine had been brought into expanded program on immunization (EPI) for ten years(1992-2002),HBV infection rate has been decreasing evidently,and the positive rate of anti-HBs has been increasing obviously,which has produced enormous social and economic benefits

关 键 词：广东 儿童 乙型肝炎疫苗 计划免疫 管理 血清学效果 

分 类 号：R392-33[医药卫生—免疫学] R186[医药卫生—基础医学]