宝石加工工人矽肺90例临床特点分析  

Clinical analysis on 90 cases of silicosis in gem processing workers

作　　者：丘创逸[1] 张东辉[1] 陈甦生[1] 孔凌珍[1] 李焕英[1] 黄丽容[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2003年第5期8-10,共3页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金项目 (项目编号 :A2 0 0 2 0 74 )

摘　　要：目的　探讨宝石加工工人矽肺的临床特征。方法　对 90例宝石加工工人矽肺住院患者进行临床分析。结果　宝石加工工人矽肺发病年龄 (2 7 99± 4 86)岁 ,发病工龄 (5 54± 1 92 )年。呼吸系统症状明显 ,体征不多。X线胸片表现以q影为主 ,棉絮样片状阴影 13例 (14 44% ) ;并发肺结核 12 2 2 % ,自发性气胸 7 78% ,肺气肿 3 6 67%。肺通气功能损害 47 78% ,以阻塞型为主。动态观察X线胸片 ,病变进展较快。致残程度鉴定 ,完全丧失劳动能力占 61 11%。结论　宝石加工工人矽肺发病年龄小、接尘工龄短、误诊率高、合并症多、肺通气功能损害明显、致残程度严重、病变进展快、预后较差。Objective To explore the clinical features of silicosis on gem processing workers(GWS). Methods Analysis was applied on the clinical features of 90 GWS inpatients coming from 11 gem processing factories in Guangdong. Results The age of being diagnosed as silicosis and the duration of dust exposure in the cases were (27 99±4 86) years and (5 54±1 92) years respectively. Respiratory system symptoms were obvious with slight signs. Chest radiographic examination showed mainly small round opacities “q” and 13 cases were seen cotton patchy shadows. Some patients were complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis (12 22%), spontaneous pneumothorax (7 78%) or pulmonary emphysema (36 67%). Pulmonary ventilation capacity in 43 cases (47 78%) were damaged, which mainly expressed as the type of obstruction. 61 11% of cases were diagnosed as complete loss of labour capacity. Conclusion It was concluded that the features of silicosis in gem processing workers were young, short duration of dust exposure, high misdiagnosis rate, much complication, quick chest radiographic changes and poor prognosis. The hazards of gem dust on workers was serious. Moreover, great attention should be paid to prevention of GWS.

关 键 词：宝石加工 矽肺 临床特征 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]