沙尘天气的定量化指数及其应用  

The Rationing Index of Dust-stormy Weather and Its Application

作　　者：张冬斌[1] 尚可政[1] 王式功[1] 杨德保[1] 赵燕宁[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院大气科学系,甘肃兰州730000 [2]青海省气象台,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《干旱气象》2003年第3期58-62,共5页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2000048703);中国科学院-日本文部科学省合作项目;国家自然科学基金重大项目(39990490);科技部社会公益类项目(中国西北地区沙尘暴监测预警系统)资助.

摘　　要：按照《地面气象观测规范》规定,能见度VV与风速V是对沙尘天气进行分级的重要指标。我们利用能见度和风速构造沙尘指数,用以衡量沙尘现象的强弱,并通过它对时间和空间的累积来分析某一地区的沙尘天气发生状况。结果表明:所构造的指数能够代表我国沙尘天气多发区的沙尘天气状况。对上游沙区的沙尘指数与下游邻近城市空气污染指数所作的相关分析显示:二者间存在较为密切的关系。因此,利用上游沙区的沙尘指数作为下游邻近城市空气污染预报的重要因子。According to 'the criterion of surface meteorological observation', visibility and wind speed are important targets to classify dust-stormy weather. Using the data of visibility and wind speed observed in meteorological stations, we try to construct dust-stormy weather index to determine the intensity of dust-stormy weather phenomenon, moreover we can measure the strong or weak state of dust-stormy weather happened anywhere. We have obtained the following conclusions:the dust-sand index can correspond with the intensity of dust-stormy weather;our analysis to state of dust-stormy weather in different area is in correspondence with real weather facts. The correlative analysis between sand-dust index and urban air pollution index indicated their affinity. It is possible to build urban air pollution statistical forecasting model with the sand-dust index.

关 键 词：定量化指数 沙尘天气 城市空气污染预报 干旱气象 能见度 风速 分级 

分 类 号：P445.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]