九华河水生昆虫群落结构和水质生物评价价  

COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF AQUATIC INSECT AND BIOMONITORING OF WATER QUALITY IN JIUHUAHE RIVER

作　　者：杨莲芳[1] 李佑文[1] 戚道光 孙长海[1] 田立新[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学

出　　处：《生态学报》1992年第1期8-15,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：自然科学基金

摘　　要：1989年6月、8月、10月对安徽九华河水系3、4、5级支流5个基点采用扫网、刷石等综合定性取样法,共采得水生昆虫9目、49科、86属、124种,计6445头。其中:毛翅目12科、41种;蜉蝣目10科、26种;鞘翅目5科、16种;双翅目7科、14种;襀翅目4科、9种;蜻蜓目5科、8种;半翅目4科、5种;广翅目1科、3种;鳞翅目1科、2种。3、4级支流Shannon多样性指数大于4,种丰富度大于60,水质极清洁;5级支流Shannon多样性指数大于3,种丰富度29,水质较清洁。3级支流以毛翅目,蜉蝣目为主,科级水平生物指数最高(2.58—2.59);4级支流以毛翅目、蜉蝣目和双翅目为主,多样性指数最高(5.54);5级支流以蜉蝣目、双翅目为主。本文还根据“河流连续概念”对各支流水生昆虫群落结构、季节性变化、毛翅目取食功能类群与支流级别的关系等作了初步分析,并提供了必要的物理、化学参数。Benthic aquatic insects were sampled by sweep nets and brushing stones at 5 sites of the tertiary,quarternary and quinary tributaries of the Jiuhuahe River in Anhui province during June, August and October, 1989. Total 6445 in dividuals which belong to 124 species of 86 genera in 49 families under 9 orders of aquatic insect were collected. They can be classified by 41 species of 31 genera in 12 families of Trichoptera, 26 species of 18 genera in 10 families of Ephemeroptera, 16 species of 11 genera in 5 families of coleoptera, 14 species of 14 genera in 7 families of Diptera, 9 species of 9 genera in 4 families of plecoptera, 8 species of 8 genera in 5 families of Odonata, Sspcies of 5 gengra in 4 families of Hemiptera, 3 species of 3 genera in 1 family of Megaroptera, and 2 species of 1 genus in 1 family of Lepidoptera.In the tertiary and quarternaty tributaries, there is a Shannon diversity index more than 4 with a species rechness over 60, indicating that they have an extremely clean water quality. The quinary tributary has a Shannon diversity index over 3 and a species richness of 29,indicating a cleaner water quality. In the tertiary tributary, Trichoptera and Ephemeroptera are dominant with the best biodiversity index (2.58-2.59) at family level, in the quart ernary tributary, Trichoptera, Ephemeroptera and Diptera are dominant with the highest diversity index (5.54), and in the quinary tributary, Ephemeroptera and Diptera are dominant.An preliminary analysis has been also made, based on the concept of 'river in continuation', for the community structure and seasonal variation of aquatic insect in various tributaries, and the relation of the predatory function clusters of Trichoptera to the levels of tributary involved.The necessary physical and chemical paramters are provided.

关 键 词：水生昆虫群落 生物指数 水质评价 

分 类 号：Q968.8[生物学—昆虫学]