稻田生态系统中锌的平衡与调节  

BALANCE AND ADJUSTMENT OF ZINC IN PADDY FIELD ECOSYSTEM

作　　者：钱金红[1] 谢振翅[1] 谢炎访 

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,武昌430064 [2]湖北省仙桃市土壤肥料站

出　　处：《生态学报》1992年第2期161-167,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(1986-1990)

摘　　要：本文研究了以水稻土和水稻为主体的土壤-植物系统中锌的内在及表观平衡机制,包括有锌在土壤中的吸附解吸平衡及扩散迁移与富集,植物对锌的吸收,积累和消耗。考察江汉平原常规稻田生态系统中锌的循环,稻田土壤锌的输入途径及输入量大小依次为:施肥(有机肥及化肥)>降雨>灌溉>幼苗移栽;输出途径主要是作物收获,而田间排水和渗漏淋溶量极微。稻田土壤锌的收支平衡表现在土壤根层养分库中略有亏损,但这一亏损并不使土壤耕层锌含量降低。为满足作物正常生长需要,对有效锌缺乏的土壤仍须以施锌肥措施补充锌素,本文提出了维持稻田生态系统锌素良性循环以及对作物适量供锌的调节原则和技术措施。The experiments were conducted to study zinc adsorption and desorption equilibrium, zinc diffusion, move and enrichment in soil, and zinc uptake , accumulation and consumption of plant in paddy and paddy soil system.It was investigated that input and output of zinc in paddy soil for illustrating the cycle of zinc in paddy field ecosystem. Input way and input amount of zinc in proper order were fertilization (organic and chemical fertilizers) > rainfall >irrigation >seedling transplantation; Output way of zinc was mainly crop harvest,while field drainage and soil body leaching of zinc were very little. Zinc income and expenses balance in paddy field was a little deficit in nutrient pool of soil root horizon, which didn't decrease zinc content of soil plough horizon. However, zinc fertilization was still needed to replenish zinc for crop growing normally on the zinc deficient soil . In this paper, it were put forward the adjusting principles and technical measures for maitaining suitable zinc-supplying to crop and fine zinc-cycling in paddy field ecosystem.

关 键 词：水稻土 生态系统 锌平衡 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]