海南省山区霍乱流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of cholera in mountainous area in Hainan Province

作　　者：陈言[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南省卫生防疫站流研所,海口市570203

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2001年第3期218-219,220,共3页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的 为了解海南省山区的霍乱流行特点，为今后更好地预防、控制山区的霍乱流行提供理论依据。方法采用统一制定的霍乱个案调查表和流行病学调查表进行调查，然后做统计分析。结果１９９４－１９９８年，海南省山区发生６起食物型霍乱爆发疫情，发病１９１例，罹患率１３．１２％，病死６例，病死率３．１４％。患者皆为黎族居民，各年龄组均有发病，以 ２０－４０岁组的青壮年所占比例最高，为 ６７．５４％。男性患者（６５．９７％）明显多于女性（３４．０３％）。疫情波及４个县（市）、８个乡（镇）、４０个自然村。轻型病例仍然占大多数（６２．３０％）。对８２株菌株的鉴定结果全部为小川１ｂ型，与该省沿海地区自１９９４年后以小川１ｂ型为优势流行株相一致。结论 导致这６起霍乱爆发的最主要原因是丧事聚餐，可疑食物均来自某市的海鱼。Objective To understand the endemic features of Cholera in interior mountainous area in Hainan Province and provide theorectic basis for preventing and controlling cholera in interior areas of Hainan Province in the future. Methods Standard epidemiological and individual case investigation form were used in the investiga- tion of epidemio1ogical features and individual cases. Results From 1994-1998 six outbreaks of cholera occurred in 4 counties (cities) and 191 cases were found with a morbidity rate of 13.12% ,and 6 cases were dead with a fa- tality rate of 3.14%.All the cases belog to Li ethnic and most of them at the age of 20-40 years (67.54%).It was also noticed that there were more male cases (65.97%) than female ones (34.03%) .The 82 cholera strains were identified to be the bio-type of 1b Qgawa, a predominant strains in this province,coincident with the results of the investigation carried out in the coastal area in 1994. Conclusion The main cause resulted in the 6 out- breaks of cholera was dinetogether at a funeral ceremony during which the the sea fish from another city was sus- pected to be contanminated.

关 键 词：海南 山区 霍乱 流行病学 流行特点 预防 

分 类 号：R516.5[医药卫生—内科学]