海南三亚河红树凋落物产量与季节变化研究  

Production and seasonal change pattern of litter fall of Rhiz ophora apiculata in Sanya River mangroves,Hainan Island

作　　者：张乔民[1] 陈永福[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所与广州地球化学研究所边缘海地质重点实验室,广州510301 [2]中国科学院海南热带海洋生物实验站,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《生态学报》2003年第10期1977-1983,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院资助重点资助项目;广东省自然科学基金资助项目 ( 2 0 0 0 10 0 7)~~

摘　　要：在海南三亚河红树 (Rhizophora apiculata)纯林区设置 4个 1 m2 凋落物收集网于 1 999年全年逐旬收集 ,4个网的平均年凋落物总产量为 1 388.2 4 g/ (m2· a) ,其中叶 79.9% ,枝 8.8% ,花 6.4% ,果 4.9%。与国内外有关资料对比 ,三亚河红树纯林凋落物产量是很高的 ,主要与树较高、低纬度、河流型和林带窄有关。凋落物总产量有多峰值的季节变化 ,峰月依次为 1 0～ 1 1月份、4月份和 8月份 ,谷月依次为 1 2月份、5月份和 9月份。叶的产量的峰谷变化与总产量相一致。枝的产量 77%的网次为 0 ,仅 2、8、9、1 0、1 1月份形成 5个峰值 ,其中后两个最大的峰值对总产量峰值的贡献达占 31 .7%和 31 .2 %。花的产量在 3～ 5月份略显平坦的峰值 ,8～ 1 2月份维持较低的产量。果的产量在 6～ 7月份有一个较宽的峰 ,1 0和 1 1月份有两个窄峰 ,1 2月份至来年 4月份基本上没有产量。花和果的凋落物产量变化明显与植物物候期有关。取 1 999年逐旬平均气温、降水量和平均风速资料与相应的凋落物产量进行相关分析显示 ,平均气温宏观控制叶凋落物产量和凋落物总产量 ,枝凋落物产量主要受平均风速影响。估算整个三亚河 1 4 hm2 红树林区可年产凋落物1 9 4t。Sanya River mangroves (18°15 3′N,109°30 8′E), distributing along the sh ore of the estuary or lagoon of downstream Sanya River which passes through Sany a City of Hainan Island in China and inpours into the top of Sanya Bay, are one of the southernmost mangroves in China. Among of them a thermophilic eurytopic species Rhizophora apiculata can form a pure species forest, which is the mo st typical tropical mangrove community in China. The litter fall of Rhizophora apiculata forest of Sanya River mangroves was collected with 4 trap nets every 10 days for the whole year of 1999. The mean an nual litter production for the 4 trap nets was 1388 24g/(m 2·a), with litte r productions of leaf, branch, flower and fruit up to 79 9%, 8 8%, 6 4% and 4 9% respectively. This total production was quite high in comparison with the r elated external research data and the internal data on 5 other sites. This high production was mainly related to the geographic location of low latitude, the ri verine community type and the community structure feature of tall tree and narro w mangrove belt . Sanya City in southern Hainan Island has a tropical marine mon soon climate, with obvious wet and dry seasons. The annual temperature and rainf all in 1999 were a little higher than usual, but there was no typhoon influence, so this high litter production could not be induced by meteorological factors. The total litter production had a seasonal change pattern of multiple peak value s, with production peaks in months of Oct.~Nov. (taking up 26 25% of the annual production), April, and Aug., and production valleys in months of Dec.~Feb. (ta king up 10 56% of the annual production), May, and Sep. in the order from high to low. The leaf litter production, as the main body of the total, had the same peak valley change pattern with the total litter production. The branch litter production was of sparse pulse pattern, with zero production in 77% of the total nets and 5 production peaks respectively in Feb., Aug., Sep., Oct., an

关 键 词：红树林 凋落物 红树(Rhizophora apiculata) 海南三亚 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]