转Cry1Ac和Cry1A+CpTI基因棉花粉对柞蚕生长发育影响的评价  

Evaluation of Impact of Pollen Grains of Cry1Ac and Cry1A+CpTI Transgenic Cotton on the Growth and Development of Chinese Tussah Silkworm(Antheraea pernyi)

作　　者：李文东[1] 吴孔明[1] 王小奇[2] 郭予元[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100094 [2]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2003年第5期488-493,共6页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：科技部"863"计划(2001AA212271);"973"计划(001CB109004)资助课题。

摘　　要：柞蚕(Antheraeapemyi)是中国华北和东北地区大面积人工野外饲养的重要经济昆虫,以天然柞林形成的蚕场与棉花常处于同一生态系统中.采用田间花粉沉积量测定结合室内生物测定的方法评价了转Cry1Ac基因和Cry1A+CpTI基因棉(Gossypiurnhirsuturn)花粉对柞蚕生长发育的生态风险.花粉沉积量测定表明,棉田内1 m至棉田外1 m的范围内,棉花花粉5d累积密度低于200粒/cm2.用转基因抗虫棉花粉处理(花粉密度约1 000粒/cm2和10 000粒/cm2)的辽东栎(Quercus liaotungensis)叶片分别饲养蚁蚕至3龄末,结果显示,与非转基因棉花粉处理相比1～3龄期柞蚕的死亡率、发育历期、以及食物利用率、食物转化率、相对代谢速率、相对取食量和近似消化率等营养指标均无显著差别.表明两种供试转基因抗虫棉的种植不会对柞蚕的生长发育带来显著不利影响.Chinese tussah silkworm, Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is an important economic insect cultured widely in field using its wild host plants in northern and northeastern China. To clarify whether there is any risk concerning the effects of the pollens from Cry1Ac - and Cry1A+CpTI-transgenic cotton(Gossypium hirsutum ) varieties to insect, the frequency and deposition of pollen dispersal from cotton, and impact of their pollens on the development of A. pernyi were investigated separately in the field and laboratory in 2002. The pollen bioassay demonstrated that the deposition at the distance from 1 m inside and 1 m outside of the cotton field balk was less than 200 grains/cm2 after 5 days exposure. The leaves of Quercus liaotungensis , one of the most major host trees of this insect, was separately treated with cotton pollens collected from gene modified (GM) cottons and conventional cotton at the density levels of 1000 and 10 000 grains/cm2, and then the neonate larvae were fed 5 days with treated leaves for assessing developmental differences. The results showed that there were no significant differences in larval mortality, developmental duration, relative consumption quantity, efficiency of approximate digestion of food, efficiency of conversion of digested food, efficiency of conversion of ingested food and relative metabolic rate during the first to third instar stage of the insect among the treatments containing pollen grains of GM cottons and conventional cotton. It was suggested that there was no significant adverse effects of GM cotton planting on the growth and development of Chinese tussah silkworm.

关 键 词：转基因棉 花粉 柞蚕 生长发育 

分 类 号：S885.1[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] S562[农业科学—畜牧兽医]