锅炉水冷壁爆管分析  

FAILURE ANALYSIS OF BOILER WATERWALL TUBE

作　　者：彭国达 

机构地区：[1]江西电力试验研究院,南昌330006

出　　处：《理化检验（物理分册）》2003年第11期584-586,589,共4页Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Physical Testing)

摘　　要：锅炉水冷壁发生了钝边和无明显塑性变形爆管。通过对失效的锅炉水冷壁管进行宏观检查、化学分析和金相试验以及X射线衍射分析,发现该管向火侧外壁(烟气侧)发生了导致管壁严重减薄的高温硫腐蚀和内壁(水侧)垢下酸性腐蚀,而垢下腐蚀产物为氢原子渗入基体与Fe3C反应生成的CH4,由它引发沿晶微裂纹,最终由氢致裂纹引起管材失效。The boiler waterwall tube failed with thick-lipped rupture which did not exhibit significant ductility. By means of macroscopic inspection, chemical composition analysis, metallgraphic examination and X-ray diffraction, the conclusions were drawn that the failure tube of boiler waterwall had been suffered from fireside high-temperature sulfur corrosion which resulting in tube thickness severely reduction and waterside under-deposited acid corrosion producing atomic hydrogen, some of which caused intergranular microcracks after diffusing into steel and then reacting with Fe_3C in the metal to form CH_4. The mechanism of failure was hydrogen induced cracking.

关 键 词：锅炉 水冷壁 爆管分析 垢下酸性腐蚀 高温腐蚀 氢致裂纹 沿晶裂纹 金相检验 X射线衍射分析 

分 类 号：TK223.31[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]