机场机坪地勤人员噪声暴露的测量与评价  

Measurement of Personal Noise Exposure for Ground Crew at a Airport

作　　者：黄云兰[1] 祝文杰[2] 邵良洪 王建新[3] 艾丽萍[1] 杨毅[1] 吕旌乔[2] 赵一鸣[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京飞机维修工程有限公司,北京100621 [2]北京大学第三医院,北京100083 [3]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100020

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2003年第6期326-328,共3页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的　对机场机坪地勤人员的噪声暴露进行测量和评价。方法　根据工作性质和内容 ,将某机坪区域及机库工作的地勤人员分为 1 0个组 ,每组选取 3～ 9人作为个体噪声暴露测量的对象。工作前将话筒固定在衣领上 ,SH - 1 2 6记录式声级计由地勤人员随身携带 ,仪器自动记录工作期间的噪声暴露数据 ,工作结束后将数据转入计算机 ,用软件计算等效声级。结果　工作期间地勤人员的个体噪声暴露水平不稳定 ,用个体计量仪可以记录和分析地勤人员工作期间噪声暴露水平的动态变化和等效声级。 4个飞机航线及 1个机库检修组日班的平均噪声暴露为 85 0～ 94 8dB (A) ,夜班为 77 6～ 84 9dB (A) ,其余工种的噪声暴露分别为金工 [(98 8± 3 9)db(A) ]>特种车辆司机 [日班 (93 5± 9 5 )db(A) ,夜班 (84 7± 5 4 )dB(A) ]>飞机协调员 [日班 (87 3± 3 7)dB(A) ,夜班 (85 5± 4 1 )dB(A) ]>文件准备 [(80 7± 4 4 )dB(A) ]>地毯清洁 [(79 0± 3 8)dB(A) ]。结论　地勤人员接触不稳定噪声。该机场绝大多数地勤人员的噪声暴露水平超过85dB(A) ,应纳入机场职工的听力保护计划。Objective To measure and evaluate personal noise exposure levels of ground crew at a airport.Methods According to job category and working post,all ground crew in the airport were divided into ten groups.Three to nine crews were selected as subjects for personal noise exposure measurement.SH-126 dosimeters were worn at each crews waist and used to measure the noise exposure by a phone fixed at collar.The equipment collects and saves noise data automatically at every 0 2 second.All noise data were transmitted into computer at the end of workday.L Aeq was measured by software for whole working duration.Results Recorded data showed that the noise exposure levels of ground crew were unstable.The average of noise exposure level of five mechanical check groups was 85 0 ～ 94 8 dB(A) at day shift and 77 6～84 9 dB(A) at night shift.The noise exposure levels in other groups were metal craftsman[(98 8±3 9)dB(A)]>driver[day shift (93 5±9 5)dB(A),night shift(84 7±5 4)dB(A)]>coordinator[day shift (87 3±3 7)dB(A),night shift(85 5±4 1)dB(A)]>record manager [(80 7±4 4)dB(A)] >cabin cleaner[(79 0±3 8)dB(A)].Conclusions The noise exposure levels for ground crew were unstable.Most of ground crew was exposed to over 85 dB(A)noise averaged in all working duration.The whole crew should be included in hearing conservation program of the company.

关 键 词：机场机坪 地勤人员 等效声级 噪声 个体暴露 测量 评价 

分 类 号：R852.24[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]