热带季节雨林和人工橡胶林林冠截留雾水的比较研究  

Comparison of fog interception at a tropical seasonal rain forest and a rubber plantation in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China

作　　者：刘文杰[1,2] 张一平[1] 刘玉洪[1] 李红梅[1] 段文平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《生态学报》2003年第11期2379-2386,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 3 0 1 0 0 0 1 9);云南省应用基础研究基金资助项目 ( 2 0 0 1 C0 0 2 3 Q);中国科学院重大资助项目 ( KZCX1 -SW-0 1 -0 1 A)资助~~

摘　　要：利用 4a( 1 999～ 2 0 0 2 )的雾水截留观测资料 ,对西双版纳热带季节雨林和人工橡胶林林冠截留雾水进行了研究。热带季节雨林和人工橡胶林全年由林冠截留的雾水分别达 89.4± 1 3.5 mm和 1 8.6± 2 .5 mm(平均值±标准差 ) (雾季各占 62 .9%± 4.8%和 91 .9%± 6.3% ) ,分别占全年降水量的 4.9%± 1 .7%和1 .1 %± 0 .2 %。年雾水截留量与年降雨量呈负相关关系。月雾水截留量与月均最低气温呈显著的负相关 ,与月均相对湿度、月均 0∶ 0 0～ 1 0∶ 0 0风速呈显著的正相关。热带季节雨林全年 68%± 5 %、人工橡胶林40 %± 4%的有雾天气里可以收集到雾水 (分别为 0 .38± 0 .2 7mm/ d和 0 .2 4± 0 .1 2 mm/ d) ,且日雾水截留量与气温和风速呈显著的相关 ,即 :气温越低、风速越大 ,日雾水截留量越多。对本地区热带季节雨林生态系统的健康生长和维持而言 ,雾及雾水极大的弥补了降雨量的不足 。Xishuangbanna is located at the northern edge of the distribution of tropical rain forest in Southeast Asia, and it has a very high frequency of radiation fog, especially during the dry season (November to April). Fog interception and related microclimatic factors were measured between November 1998 and February 2003 at a tropical seasonal rain forest and a rubber plantation in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China. Twelve of bottle funnel collectors were set in a random pattern on the floor in each forest to determine daily amount of fog interception. Related microclimatic variables including air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation and rainfall were also recorded by two meteorological observation systems mounted on a 72m and 31m meteorological towers in each study site, respectively. During the study period, absolute amounts of annual fog interception, on average, was found to be 89 4±13 5 mm and 18 6±2 5 mm (mean±1SD) in the tropical seasonal rain forest and the rubber plantation, respectively. Fog drip contributes 4 9%±1 7% and 1 1%±0 2% of the annual precipitation in the tropical seasonal rain forest and the rubber plantation, with 62 9%±4 8% and 91 9%±6 3% of the fog interception collected in foggy season (November February), respectively. The annual fog interception was negatively correlated with annual rainfall, demonstrating that the dependence on fog as an additional water input was highest in the year when rainfall was lowest but fog interception higher. Monthly variation in fog interception was different from rainfall patterns and negative correlation was found between monthly average extreme air temperature and monthly fog interception while positive correlations were found between monthly fog interception and monthly average air relative humidity, and monthly average wind speed during the fog period (0∶00～10∶00). In fog drip occurring days, which accounted for 68%±5% and 40%±4% of the total number of fog days in the tropical seasonal rain forest and the

关 键 词：雾水截留 热带季节雨林 人工橡胶林 西双版纳 

分 类 号：S715.2[农业科学—林学]