蒸发和灌水频率对土壤水分分布影响的研究  

Effects of evaporation and irrigation frequency on soil water distribution

作　　者：曹红霞[1] 康绍忠[1] 何华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学教育部旱区农业水土工程重点实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2003年第6期1-4,共4页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：教育部科学技术研究重点项目 (重点 0 2 0 75) ;西北农林科技大学科研专项资助

摘　　要：通过室内均质土柱试验 ,对不同灌水频率下有无蒸发土壤中的水分分布规律进行了分析。结果表明 ,灌水频率可改变土壤水分的空间分布和土壤蓄水量。在相同灌水量条件下 ,灌水频率加大 ,上部土层水分含量在一定范围内增高 ,且湿润锋深度变浅 ,上部土层蓄水量增加 ;适宜的灌水频率可增加土壤蓄水量。有无蒸发条件下土壤水分差异在灌水初期主要体现在上部土层 ,随灌水次数增多 ,上部土层水分差异减少 ,且灌水频率越高 ,这种差异减少得越快 ,而下部土层水分差异增加。Water distribution in soils with or without evaporation under different irrigation frequencies was investigated through disturbed soil columns in Lab. Results showed that irrigation frequencies could change the spatial distribution and storage of soil water. When irrigation frequency increased with the same irrigation quantity, the soil water content and storage in the upper layer would increase but the wetting front in soil profile became shallow. Results also proved that a suitable irrigation frequency could increase the soil water storage. Evaporation influenced the soil water distribution mainly in the upper soil layer at the initial stages of irrigation. The increasing total irrigation quantity reduced soil water deficit in the upper layer but enhanced such deficit in the lower layer. The higher the irrigation frequency is, the faster it decreases.

关 键 词：灌水频率 蒸发 土壤水分分布 湿润锋 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]