高原鼢鼠种群能量动态的研究 Ⅱ.每日能量收支模型的探讨  

STUDIES ON THE POPULATION ENERGETICS OF PLATEAU ZOKOR Ⅱ.A MODEL OF ESTIMATING THE DAILY ENERGY BUDGET

作　　者：苏建平[1] 王祖望[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,西宁810001

出　　处：《兽类学报》1992年第4期267-274,共8页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;中国科学院海北高寒草甸生态系统定位站基金资助项目

摘　　要：本文根据近年来国内外有关地下鼠种群能学研究的进展,结合地下鼠能量代谢的特点,提出了一个以平均每日代谢率为基础的估计地下鼠个体每日能量收支的经验模型。文中以高原鼢鼠为例,通过一系列的参数估计,采用本文提出的模型,计算出个体在春季的每日能收支为202.27千焦耳;日挖掘活动时间为2.61小时,相当于巢外总活动时间的80％;掘土价达57.93千焦耳/日。本文提出的模型避免了直接观测个体日挖掘活动时间这一仍难解决的问题,并把动物的能量需要同环境质量结合在一起,用定量的方式描述它们之间的关系,这不仅有助于地下鼠种群能学的研究,而且为探讨地下鼠的生境选择奠定了基础。This paper developed a method of estimating the daily energy budget (DEB) for plateau zokor (Myospalax baileyi), a specific species of fossorial rodent in Qinghai--Tibet Plateau, and provided an applicable model of DEB for all fossorial rodents. The zokors or other fossorial rodents forage mainly on the underground parts of forbs by burrowing through soil. Individual daily energy gain from foraging can be generally assumed to equal to the sum of energy expended and storaged, thus Eg=R + P + F (1) where Eg =assimilable energy obtained from foraging) R = daily energy cost including that of maintenance and of burrowing) P = energy storaged in body tissue, i. e. individual's daily production) and F = assimilable energy storaged in terms of food. The daily energy gain and cost can be described by the following equations, respectively Eg =π · b2· VB· Tb · D· RA (2) R = 20.12 W2 [(24-Tb)ADMR + MRBTb] (3) with definitions that π= the rate of circumference to diameter of a circle, about 3.14; b = radius of foraging burrow; VB = burrowing rate, i.e. burrow length excavated per unit time; Tb= burrowing time with foraging per day; De = available energy per unit volume of soil; RA = food assimilability by animal; W = body mass; ADMR = average daily metabolic rate, the best laboratory measure of daily metabolic level close to the natural conditions without burrowing; MRB = burrowing metabolic rate; 20.1 = the energy equivalent (J) of 1 cm3 of oxygen, assuming R.Q. =0.82; 24 = total hours per day According to the equations above, it can be deduced out that Tb=482.4·W·ADMR+P+F/π·b2·VB·De·RA·+20.1·W(ADMR-MRB) where P can be estimated based on the observed data on female's reproduction and on individual's postnatal body mass gain curve with assuming body mass stablized by adults except for pregnant females, and no reproductive production in males . and other parameters measured directly by current methods. Thus, the minimal daily burro

关 键 词：鼢鼠属 种群动态 

分 类 号：Q959.837[生物学—动物学]