速效肥和缓释肥对草坪蒸散量的影响  

Study on the Influence of Fast Released Fertilizer and Slow Released Fertilizer to the Turf Evapotranspiration Rate.

作　　者：韩建国[1] 孙强[1] 刘帅[1] 王小山[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学草地研究所草业科学北京市重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《中国草地》2003年第6期32-35,50,共5页Grassland of China

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金重点项目"北京抗旱;抗病;长绿草坪草种选育及管理技术研究"(6001001)资助

摘　　要：2002年5～11月在田间条件下就速效肥和缓释肥对草坪蒸散量的影响进行了研究。结果表明:施肥后草坪的蒸散量增大,其中,速效肥处理超过对照96.1mm,多耗水17.1%;速效肥+缓释肥和缓释肥处理分别增加了60.7mm和52.0mm,多耗水10.8%和9.2%;速效肥处理草坪蒸散量明显高于速效肥+缓释肥和缓释肥处理(P<0.05)。施肥提高蒸散量的原因是增大了草坪草的生长速度及分蘖密度。缓释肥处理生长速度的增加幅度较小,株丛密度较高,且各月份比较稳定,速效肥处理则波动很大;此外,施用缓释肥更有利于地下生物量的积累。综合比较,在草坪管理中应减少速效肥的使用量,适当增加缓释肥的应用比例。The effct of fast released fertilizer and slow released fertilizer to evapotranspiration rate was studied in field condition from May to November in 2002.The results showed that fertilization raised the evapotranspiration rate,of which the fast released fertilizer treatment by 96.1mm,and the mixture of fast and slow released fertilizer treatment by 60.7mm and the slow released fertilizer treatment by 52.0mm;The water Rate was 16.4% higher in the fast released fertilizer treatment than that in contral,and was obviously higher than those in the other two treatments(P<0.05);The difference was not obvious between the slow released fertilizer treatment and the mixture treatment;The reasons that the evapotranspiration rate was raised were the turfgrass growth rate and tiller numbers were increased by fertilization; The growth rate of slow released fertilizer treatment was lower and the tiller numbers was higher,and the under-ground biomass was larger than that of fast released fertilizer treatment.It was suggested that slow released fertilizer was added and fast released fertilizer was reduced in the turf management.

关 键 词：速效肥 缓释肥 草坪 蒸散量 生长速度 分蘖密度 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]