高温干旱季节红壤丘陵果园杂草保持的生态作用  

Ecological role of weeds conserved in orchard in red soil hilly area during hot-dry season

作　　者：陈欣[1] 唐建军[1] 方治国[1] 范兴海[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生命科学学院,杭州310029

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2003年第6期38-42,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39870149);国家自然科学基金重点项目(30030030);国家杰出青年科学基金海外青年学者合作项目(30228005)

摘　　要：研究了红壤丘陵果园杂草保持在高温干旱期的生态作用。结果表明 ,高温伏旱期幼龄果园没有杂草覆盖或覆盖度很低的处理 (人工除草和除草剂除草 ) ,土壤温度明显高于保留杂草的处理 (不除草、刈割、保留低矮草带 ) ,而土壤湿度、土壤微生物生物量碳、解磷微生物解磷活性、土壤VA菌根真菌的数量则低于保留杂草的处理。在杂草保留的 3个处理中 ,虽然土壤温度、土壤微生物生物量碳、解磷微生物解磷活性差异不显著 ,但不除草的处理 ,高大的杂草与幼龄果树对光产生竞争 ,从而影响了果树的生长 ,因而建议在幼龄果园以刈割或保留草带的方式保持杂草。A study on ecological role of weeds conserved in orchard was conducted in the red soil hilly area of southern China during 1998～2001. Compared with the plots covered with weeds (no weeding, mowing and weed strip), a marked increase in soil temperature and a reduction in soil moisture, microbial biomass C, activity of phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms and VAMF spore numbers were recorded in the plots weeded by hand and herbicide during the hot-dry season. No significant difference in soil temperature, microbial biomass C, activity of phosphorus solubilization microorganism and VAMF spore numbers was found among the three methods of weeds conserved. In the no weedy plot the growth of young trees were influenced by weeds because the higher weed species competed with young trees for light. It was suggested that mowing and weed strip were better ways to conserve weeds in orchards of hilly area.

关 键 词：高温干旱季节 果园 杂草保持 生态学作用 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]