毒饵盒灭鼠法与散投毒饵灭鼠法对鼠类控制效果的比较研究  

Comparison of the deratization effect between two methods of poison bait box and scattered poison bait

作　　者：宫学诗[1] 刘勇[1] 曲宝泉[1] 张世水[1] 景晓[1] 王学军[1] 刘峰[1] 赵志刚[1] 付颖[1] 张奎卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2015年第4期341-344,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(编号:ZR2011HM033);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(编号:2009HW055)

摘　　要：目的明确毒饵盒法与散投毒饵法对鼠类控制效果的比较研究。方法在济南和临沂两市共选择苏家、郭家、西彩石、郭黑墩和刘黑墩5村。苏家村平均每2间房间放毒饵盒1个,内放0.05%敌鼠钠玉米粒7份+小麦粒3份;郭家村散投0.05%敌鼠钠玉米粉7份+小麦粉3份的面团。西彩石村每间房间放盒1个,内放0.05%敌鼠钠小麦;郭黑墩与刘黑墩2村均散投0.05%敌鼠钠玉米粒6份+小麦粒4份。散投毒饵法均在每间房间放3~5堆,每堆5~10 g,连投4 d。采用格粉板法考核控制效果。结果苏家村灭鼠后15、57、86、115、145、175和205 d时,灭鼠率分别为66.67%、95.58%、99.02%、99.57%、99.82%、99.14%和99.39%;郭家村灭鼠后15、57、86、115、145、175和205 d时,灭鼠率分别为77.75%、59.25%、79.63%、83.72%、75.41%、63.58%和-17.80%。郭家村仅15 d时灭鼠率高于苏家村(u=15.58,P<0.01),其他时间段苏家村均显著高于郭家村(u=82.19、62.96、55.39、71.96、87.25、165.86,P<0.01)。西彩石村灭鼠后10、20和30 d灭鼠率分别为90.93%、93.17%和98.11%;郭黑墩与刘黑墩2村合计灭鼠后10和25 d的灭鼠率分别为89.79%和97.45%。结论毒饵盒灭鼠法适合作为可持续控制鼠类种群密度的重要技术手段。Objective To compare the deratization effect between two methods of poison bait box and scattered poison bait. Methods The field tests were carried out in Sujia,Guojia,Xicaishi,Guoheitun and Liuheitun village of Linyi city and Jinan city. In Sujia village,one box with 0. 05% diphacine-Na bait( corn∶ wheat was 7∶ 3) was placed in every two rooms; while in Guojia village,the bait was scattered in every room. In Xicaishi village,one box with0. 05% diphacine-Na wheat was placed in every room. In Guoheitun and Liuheitun villages,3- 5 piles of 0. 05%diphacine-Na mixed poison baits( corn∶ wheat was 6∶ 4) poison bait weighted 5- 10 g were scattered in every room for four days. The powder plate method was employed to evaluate the deratization effect. Results In Sujia village,the deratization rates were 66. 67%,95. 58%,99. 02%,99. 57%,99. 82%,99. 14% and 99. 39% respectively for 15,57,86,115,145,175 and 205 d. While in Guojia village,the deratization rates were 77. 75%,59. 25%,79. 63%,83. 72%,75. 41%,63. 58% and- 17. 80% respectively on the same time sequence. Only on the 15 th d,the deratization rate in Guojia village was higher than Sujia village( u = 15. 58,P < 0. 01),other time were significantly lower( u = 82. 19,62. 96,82. 19,62. 96,87. 25,165. 86,P < 0. 01); In Xicaishi village,the deratization rates were90. 93%,93. 17% and 98. 11% respectively for 10,20 and 30 d,and the total deratization rate in Guoheitun and Liuheitun villages were 89. 79% and 97. 45% respectively for 10 and 25 d. Conclusion The method of poison bait box is an important technical means on the sustainable control of population density of rodents.

关 键 词：毒饵盒灭鼠法 散投毒饵灭鼠法 敌鼠钠 控制效果 

分 类 号：R184.35[医药卫生—流行病学]