两种采样方法捕获稻田蚊虫效果的比较  

Mosquito trapping efficacy between two mosquito-trap methods in the rice growing area

作　　者：杨维芳[1] 褚宏亮[1] 田野[1] 董言德[2] 邢丹[2] 张映梅[2] 张育富[1] 吴小群[3] 周明浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210009 [2]军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所,北京100071 [3]宜兴市疾病预防控制中心,江苏宜兴214200

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2015年第4期362-366,共5页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划"社会发展项目"(编号:BE2011795);科技重大专项"十二五"基金项目(编号:2012ZX10004219);"十二五"科教兴卫工程"突发公共卫生事件应急处置创新平台"基金项目(编号:ZX201109)

摘　　要：目的了解采样器采样和人帐诱法采样两种采样方法对蚊虫的捕获效果。方法在蚊虫高发季节,使用一类两种新型机动高效吸血昆虫采样器(简称"大采样器"和"小采样器"),于宜兴太华农村稻田区域连续4日19:00-次日7:00时段每小时自动采集蚊虫,以了解采样器分时段采集蚊虫的效果;同期19:00-20:00蚊虫晚高峰时段,距离采样器50 m类似生境处,同时进行人帐诱,以评价两种采样方法对蚊虫捕获效果的优劣。结果连续4日夜间12 h大、小采样器的捕蚊总量无差异(t=-0.14,P=0.8919);大、小采样器均能有效获得夜间12 h的蚊虫活动大高峰、小高峰、低谷时段分别在19:00-20:00、04:00-05:00或05:00-06:00、02:00-03:00或03:00-04:00;捕获蚊种有三带喙库蚊、淡色库蚊、二带喙库蚊、中华按蚊、雷氏按蚊、白纹伊蚊和骚扰阿蚊等7种,其中三带喙库蚊为优势种,其构成比分别为78.69%和81.59%。连续4日19:00-20:00时段,大、小采样器的捕蚊总量无差异(t=0.09,P=0.934 9);三带喙库蚊为大、小采样器捕获的优势种,其构成比分别为88.17%和90.25%;大、小采样器对应人帐诱捕获的蚊虫中,三带喙库蚊的构成比分别为62.67%和42.55%,骚扰阿蚊的构成比分别为32.67%和54.24%,大、小采样器与对应帐诱对骚扰阿蚊的捕获效果均有差异。连续4日19:00-20:00时段,采样器和对应帐诱捕获蚊虫中,去除骚扰阿蚊后,三带喙库蚊的构成比均在90%以上,大采样器的捕蚊效果优于对应帐诱,小采样器与对应帐诱的捕蚊效果无差异。结论这类新型机动高效吸血昆虫采样器的大、小两种采样器样机均能有效实施对稻区蚊虫的分时段自动采样及获得蚊虫的活动节律,且蚊虫活动高峰时段的采样效果不差于对应人帐诱,可作为野外库蚊、按蚊等类群采样的推荐器械。Objective To assess the field efficacy of two mosquito-collection methods on a new type of large efficient blood-sucking insect motor sampler and human-baited net trap. Methods In the mosquito peak season,a new type of large efficient blood-sucking insect motor sampler was used to investigate the efficiency of the sampler for mosquitoes,local mosquito component and nocturnal rhythm in the time of 19: 00- 07: 00 of continuous four nights in the rice production area in Taihua,Yixing City. In 19: 00- 20: 00 of same days,the mosquito activity peak,at the similar site ranged 50 m to the two samplers,a human-baited net-trap was set and aimed to assess the efficiency between the sampler and human-baited net-trap. Results The difference in the total mosquitoes collected in continuous four nights was little between the big sampler and the small one. The big and the small both effectually obtained the main peak,minor peak and ebb period occurred in the time of 19: 00- 20: 00,04: 05: 00 or 05: 00- 06: 00,02: 00- 03: 00 or03: 00- 04: 00 respectively. Seven species of mosquitoes,Culex tritaeniorhynchus,Cx. pipiens pallens,Cx. bitaeniorhynchus,Anopheles hyrcanus sinensis,An. hyrcanus lesteri,Aedes albopitus and Armigeres obturbans were collected by the samplers. Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was the dominant species accounting for 78. 69% and 81. 59% in the big and the small respectively. In the time of 19: 00- 20: 00 of continuous four nights,little difference existed in the total mosquitoes between the bigger and the smaller samplers; the main species,Cx. tritaeniorhynchus accounted for 88. 17% and90. 25% in the big and the small samplers; in the collected mosquitoes from the corresponding human-baited net-trap to the big and the small samplers,Cx. tritaeniorhynchus accounted for 62. 67% and 42. 55%,Ar. obturbans accounted for 32. 67% and 54. 24%,significant difference existed in the total mosquitoes between the samplers and the corresponding human-baited net-trap. In the time of 19: 00- 20: 00 of continuous four nights,when Ar. Obt

关 键 词：蚊虫采样方法 机动高效吸血昆虫采集器 人帐诱法 现场效果评价 

分 类 号：R184.31[医药卫生—流行病学]