西安某大型项目建设区域病媒生物监测  

Vector investigation in a constructing community in Xi'an

作　　者：王欣[1] 庞松涛[1] 陈保忠[1] 王巧玲 吴鹏斌[1] 席刚 雷晓岗 王飞[1] 刘如如[1] 陈晨[1] 付晗[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安市疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710054 [2]长安区疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710100

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2015年第5期495-498,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

摘　　要：目的了解西安市某大型项目建设(工地)区域主要病媒生物的种群结构分布、生态习性、季节消长趋势等变化规律,为该区域媒介传播疾病的防治和病媒生物控制工作提供依据。方法鼠类监测采用夹夜法,蟑螂监测采用粘捕法,蚊类监测采用电动吸蚊器人工小时法,蝇类监测采用笼诱法。结果 2014年该项目建设区域共捕获鼠类82只,鼠类总平均密度为2.28%,优势种群为小家鼠,占鼠类总数的92.68%;蟑螂未捕获;全年共捕获蚊类25只,蚊平均密度为1.39只/人工小时,捕获的蚊类为淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊,淡色库蚊为优势种群,占捕获蚊类的84%;蝇类监测共捕获蝇类45只,蝇平均密度为1.13只/笼,最高密度出现在7月份,为3.20只/笼,优势种群为家蝇。结论通过全年监测初步掌握了该项目区域主要病媒生物的种群密度、生态习性及季节消长等变化规律,资料显示该区域蚊蝇密度控制在较低水平,鼠密度明显高于西安市鼠密度监测结果,应根据病媒生物的活动及消长规律在其活动高峰前适时加强环境整治,采用物理、化学综合防治措施,可有效控制病媒生物密度,减少媒介传播疾病的发生。Objective To investigate population structure and seasonal fluctuation of vectors including rats,cockroaches,mosquitoes and flies in a constructing community of Xi'an,and provide scientific basis and proposal for vector control. Methods Mouse traps,sticky traps,labor hour and cage traps were taken to catch rodents,cockroaches,mosquitoes and flies respectively. Results In 2014,a total of 82 mice were captured with the average density of 2. 28%,and Mus musculus( 92. 68%) was the dominant species. No cockroach was detected. A total of 25 mosquitoes consisted of Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus were captured. The average density of mosquitoes was 1. 39 per labor hour and Aedes albopictus( 84%) was the dominant species. A total of 45 flies were captured. The average density of flies was 1. 13 per cage. The fly density peak appeared in July. Musca domestica was the dominant species. Conclusion According to the monitoring data,the density of mosquitoes and flies in this community remains at a lower level. The density of mice is significantly higher than it in Xi'an. Integrated managements should be conducted in vector control.

关 键 词：病媒生物 监测 种群 季节消长 分析 

分 类 号：R184.3[医药卫生—流行病学]