反拱水垫塘底板块上举力变化规律的试验研究  

Uplift and thrust forces acting on the floor of an inverted arch water cushion pool

作　　者：孙建[1] 陈长植[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2003年第11期1558-1562,共5页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家"九五"重点科技攻关项目(96-221-05-02-02);国家自然科学基金资助项目(59979010)

摘　　要：反拱水垫塘是一种新型消能防冲结构,拟在中国溪洛渡等300m级高拱坝中采用,其稳定性是其在高水头、大流量作用下能否安全运用的关键技术之一。结合溪洛渡拱坝,通过模型试验研究了拱坝坝身泄量最大达3万m3/s时,反拱圈横缝止水设施破坏,动水压强贯入底板缝隙,基岩锚固力失效的极端情况下的反拱水垫塘底板块上举力,得出底板块上举力分布规律和脉动上举力谱密度特性,并推算出拱端的极限推力。研究成果对反拱水垫塘设计、运用和稳定研究具有理论和实际意义。The inverted arch water cushion pool is a new design for the discharge pool below a spillway that promotes energy dissipation to prevent scouring of the riverbed. The inverted arch design will be used at the in the Xiluodu Hydropower Project which has a 300 m high arch dam. The pool stability will determine whether it can be used with the high water head and large discharge rate. The uplift force acting on a piece of the floor of the inverted arch water cushion pool was measured experimentally for a discharge rate through the cushion pool of 30 000 m3/s. The tests show that the water sealing between the two arch rings is damaged along with the anchor-hold on the bedrock. The tests measured uplift forces at different locations and the water depth downstream to determine the flow depth spectral density and the maximum thrusts loads at both skewbacks. These results can be used to improve the design of the inverted arch water cushion pool.

关 键 词：反拱水垫塘 底板块 举力变化规律 消能防冲结构 高拱坝 

分 类 号：TV653.3[水利工程—水利水电工程]