秦始皇陵一号坑兵马俑的指纹元素散布分析  

An Analysis of the Scattering of Dactylogram Elements on Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses from Pit I at the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor

作　　者：赵维娟[1] 胥爱军[1] 李融武[2] 高正耀[1] 李国霞[1] 谢建忠[1] 韩国河 张仲立 朱君孝 冯松林[4] 柴之芳[4] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学物理工程学院,历史与考古系,河南郑州市450052 [2]北京师范大学物理系,北京市100875 [3]陕西省秦始皇兵马俑博物馆,陕西西安市710600 [4]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京市100080

出　　处：《华夏考古》2003年第4期92-96,共5页Huaxia Archaeology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(10205013;10175053);中国科学院核分析技术开放实验室(99B006);郑州大学青年基金支持项目

摘　　要：秦始皇陵兵马俑举世闻名,但其原料产地至今还是一个谜。本文选取秦始皇陵一号坑的陶俑和陶马样品20个,秦始皇兵马俑博物馆附近黏土样品20个,耀州瓷胎样品1个。用中子活化分析(NAA)测量样品中32种微量元素的含量,从这32个元素中挑选出8种指纹元素的含量进行散布分析。结果表明一号坑兵马俑样品与秦陵附近的垆土关系密切,与黄土关系稍远,与耀州瓷胎关系甚远。由此推断,一号坑兵马俑的原料来源可能是骊山地区的黏土,烧制兵马俑的窑址也可能在秦始皇陵附近。People still don't know the sources of raw materials of which the famous terracotta warriors and horse of Qinshihuang' s Mausoleum are made. The author chose 20 statue samples from No. 1 pit of clay figures,20 clay ones from the area close to the Museum of Clay Figures and one from the porcelain body of Yaozhou Kilns. The Neutron Activation Analysis was employed to measure the content of the 32 trace elements in the samples,that of 8 of which were selected to make scattering analysis. The conclusion is that the samples from No. 1 pit are closely related to the black earth around the mausoleum,somewhat different from loess and completely different from the porcelain body of Yaozhou Kilns. So it can be justified that the raw materials,of which the terracotta warriors and horse were made might come from lishan,the kiln sites might be located nearby the Qinshihuang's mausoleum.

关 键 词：秦始皇陵 兵马俑 指纹元素 中子活化分析 骊山地区 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]