一种高速低功耗真随机数发生器  

A High-Speed and Low-Power Truly Random Number Generator

作　　者：喻祖华[1] 白创[1] 戴葵[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学光学与电子信息学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《微电子学与计算机》2014年第8期61-66,71,共7页Microelectronics & Computer

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金(ZRZ0051);武汉市科技攻关重点项目(201150699190)

摘　　要：提出了一种基于环形振荡器采样结构的高速低功耗真随机数发生器(TRNG).其随机性源自环形振荡器的抖动,4个长度互为质数的振荡器链构成了熵源.对振荡器的输出进行异或运算,提高了随机特性,并从数学上予以证明.输出序列经冯诺依曼矫正器进行纠偏,可完全消除比特位间的偏置性.设计了一种精巧的扩散函数,对输出序列做映射处理,进一步提高了其随机特性和分布特性.测试结果表明,TRNG输出比特流通过了Diehard和NIST SP 800-22的系列测试,比特率达20Mb/s.采用0.18μm CMOS工艺设计实现,面积为0.0135mm2,3.3V供电时功耗仅为0.75mW,适合在高速片上加密系统中应用.In this paper ,a high-speed and low-power Truly Random Number Generator(TRNG) is proposed ,which is based on an oscillator-sampling architecture .Its randomness is extracted from jitter in Ring Osillators .Four Ring Oscillators of relatively prime length constitute the Entropy Source .XOR operation on the four outputs of the Oscillators improves the randomness ,which is also proved mathematically .The output sequences are corrected by the Von Neumann Corrector so as to eliminate the bias between bits completely .Meanwhile ,an elaborate diffusion function which diffuse the output sequences is designed to further improve the randomness and distribution .Test result shows that the output sequences of the TRNG pass all the tests of Diehard and NIST SP 800-22 ,and the bit rate could be as high as 20 Mb/s .The TRNG has been fabricated in a 0 .18 μm CMOS process ,and utilized 0 .0135 mm2 of die area .Power consumption is only 0 .75 mW with a supply voltage of 3 .3 V .Hence ,it’s very suitable for applications in on-chip high-speed cryptography system .

关 键 词：真随机数发生器 环形振荡器 异或 冯诺依曼矫正 扩散函数 

分 类 号：TN752[电子电信—电路与系统]