低pH对鱼类胚胎发育、鱼苗生长及鳃组织损伤影响的研究  

STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF LOW pH ON EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT, GROWTH OF THE FRY AND THE DAMAGE OF GILLS OF FISHES

作　　者：张甫英[1] 李辛夫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072

出　　处：《水生生物学报》1992年第2期175-182,196,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金："七;五"国家科技攻关项目 75-55-01-06

摘　　要：本文研究了低pH水平对鱼类的胚胎,鱼苗和鱼种的影响以及鱼鳃的组织学观察。在硬水环境,pH≤4.5时,对泥鳅胚胎发育有严重影响。胚胎在低pH水平下,发育进程明显地迟缓。pH≤5.5时,泥鳅幼苗的生长受到抑制;在软水环境,pH≤4.5时,影响草鱼苗和幼鱼的存活率。低pH水平加上铝则对鱼类呈现出协同毒性。低pH使鱼鳃直接遭受严重的损害:出现大量的粘液、渗血、鳃上皮肿胀和脱落,组织增生和融合。This paper deals with the effects of low PH on the survival rate of the embryo, fry and fingerling and the pathologic changes of the fish gill. Under the condition of the hard water, embryonic development of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus was postponed at low PH levels and growth of the fry was also restrained at PH≤5.5. Under the condition of the soft water, the survival rate of fry and fingerling of Ctenopharyngodon idellus would be effected at PH≤4.5. The toxicologic action on the fish had Been strengthened due to the synergistic effects of low PH with aluminium. Pathologic changes including the increase of mucus, swell and disengagement of the lamellar epithelim, hyperplasia and fusion of the tissue were observed. A discussion on the toxicologic mechanism of low PH is proposed.

关 键 词：鱼类 胚胎发育 鳃 pH 硬水 软水 

分 类 号：Q959.408[生物学—动物学]