流沙固定过程中土壤性质变异初步研究  

Primary Study of Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Property in Processes of Shifting Sand Fixation in Southeaster Tengger Desert

作　　者：贾晓红[1] 李新荣[1] 王新平[1] 樊恒文[1] 赵金龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠试验研究站,兰州730000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2003年第4期46-50,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划"973"项目(G2000048705);中国科学院沙坡头沙漠试验研究站开放基金(200026)资助

摘　　要：植被的分布格局与土壤性质空间异质性密切相关。对降水小于200mm地区的沙坡头无灌溉条件下流沙固定过程中土壤性质的空间变化进行了研究。结果表明,随固沙植物群落的演变和土壤成土环境的改善与生物地球化学循环过程的加强,土壤性质发生了显著的变化:(1)固沙区土壤机械组成中粘粒(<0.001mm)含量、土壤水溶性盐(EC电导率)、pH、有机质和全氮含量都较流沙区有很大提高,且差异显著(p<0.05);固沙区土壤剖面性质的改变主要发生在结皮层和0～5cm的表层(topsoil),受表层土壤发育的影响5～30cm土层有所改变,但差异性不显著(p>0.05)。(2)土壤质地相对均一的流沙区土壤剖面性质无变异(p>0.05)。(3)不同年限固沙区间土壤性质变异差异性不显著(p>0.05);而表层(0～5cm)与结皮层土壤性质变化趋势一致,且相关性显著(r>0.807,p<0.05)。There is a close relation between the pattern of vegetation and the spatial heterogeneity of soil properties. This paper mainly studies the spatial heterogeneity of soil properties in the processes of shifting sand fixation without irrigation in the area of the precipitation below 200mm. The results show that with the succession from artificial plants to natural vegetation, environment of soil formation and circulation of soil material were influenced; the physical and chemical properties of soil have been changed. (1)The content of the fine-particle, electric conductivity, pH value, content of total nitrogen and organicmatter in fixation region have increased compared with the shifting sand region, moreover, the difference is evident (p<0.05). The crust and 0~5 cm layers of soil properties have great changes. The soil properties of 5~30 cm layer have been altered but the changes is little because of the effect of the crust and 0~5cm layers. The development of the crust and 0~5 cm layers results in the vertical variation of the soil propertities.(2)The shifting sand with relatively uniform soil texture has not changed in soil properties with the increasing soil depth.(3)There are no distinctions between fixing sand of the different age (p>0.05), but the development of 0~5 cm layer is closely connected with the crust layer (p<(0.05)).

关 键 词：流沙固定 土壤性质 空间异质性 植被格局 干旱区 生态恢复 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]