强酸性介孔材料的研究进展  

Progress on Strongly Acidic Mesopore Materials

作　　者：佟惠娟[1] 李工[1] 阚秋斌[2] 吴通好[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁石油化工大学石化学院,辽宁抚顺113001 [2]吉林大学化学学院,占林长春130023

出　　处：《石油化工高等学校学报》2003年第4期15-19,共5页Journal of Petrochemical Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(29973001)

摘　　要：M41S族介孔分子筛的开发为合成具有均匀孔道和介孔尺寸的催化剂提供了可能性,介孔分子筛能使原油中较大的分子以及精细化工中的大分子反应物进入孔道进行反应,并容易扩散,具有重要的应用价值。但通常制备的硅铝介孔分子筛其酸强度较低,且水热稳定性较差,使其应用受到限制。因此,提高介孔材料的酸强度和水热稳定性是一个亟待解决的课题。介绍了近年来研究强酸性介孔材料方面的进展情况,如对MCM-41合成方法的改进及合成后的再处理,提高了酸量及水热稳定性;合成出了各种含微孔和介孔或大孔的混合相分子筛;利用强酸性沸石的晶种合成出具有强酸性的介孔材料;采用两步晶化法,在低表面活性剂浓度下,分别合成出了具有立方和六方晶系结构的强酸性介孔材料。The synthesis of M41S family mesoporous molecular sieves has provided a possibility for the preparation of the eatalyst with uniformly mesopore. Mesoporous molecular sieves enabling the maeromolecular in crude oil and fine chemicals to react in pore and to diffuse in and out easily have an important potential value of application. However, conventional mesopore materials have weaker acidity, less hydrothcrmal stability than zeolite molecular sieves in consequence of the amorphous character of the pore walls, which restrict their potential application to the acid - catalyzed processes. Therefore, the improvement of acid strength and hydrothermal stability of mecsopore materials is a problem that needs to be urgently solved. The progress on the recent ~ year study of strongly acidic mesopore materials was introduced. For example, the improvement of the synthetic methods of MCM - 41 and post - synthesis retreatment, which increased acid amount and hydrothermal slability. Various molecular sieves containing mieropore and mesopore or maeropore are synthesized. The mesopore materials with strong acidity are prepared by using the zeolite seed crystal. Mesoporous aluminosilicate with cubic mesoporous structure and hexagonal structure are synthesized respectively, from the primary structure units of β- zeolite by a two- step crystallization procedure at low concentration of organic surfactant.

关 键 词：强酸性 介孔材料 水热稳定性 介孔分子筛 催化剂 

分 类 号：TQ424.25[化学工程] TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]