我国优秀女子竞走运动员身体重心运动轨迹的生物力学研究  

Biomechanic Study on the Movement Orbit of the Center of Gravity of the Elite Women Race Walkers In China

作　　者：张德荣[1] 魏统朋[2] 陈亮[3] 

机构地区：[1]天津体育学院教育科学系,天津300381 [2]天津体育学院研究生部,天津300381 [3]天津体育学院实验中心,天津300381

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2003年第4期78-80,共3页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

摘　　要：以计算机输出的大量运动学参数与图表为依据从运动生物力学角度分别对第8届、第9届全运会10名女子竞走运动员一个单步的身体重心运动轨迹进行定量和定性分析,并进一步分析了身体重心起伏程度与腾空时间、支撑腿踝角的关系。分析结果为,10名运动员均采用“足踵触地,踝关节背屈”滚动式的着地技术,以及后蹬腿“脚尖离地”技术,身体重心在支撑腿离地瞬时达到最大高度在垂直支撑瞬时最低身体重心腾空阶段的运动轨迹呈现平抛曲线而非斜上抛曲线;腾空阶段的身体重心高度差而非身体重心总的高度差是决定腾空时间的主要因素。The paper has respectively a quantitative and a qualitative analysis on the movement orbit of the center of gravity, and the relation between the airborne time of a single step and the hight of center of gravity of the elite race-walkers ranked from 1 to 7 in the 10 km race-walking item in the 8th China National Sport Games, 1 to 3 in the 20 km race-walking item in the 9th National Sport Games in the ways of high-speed filming and high-speed recording. The results were: All applied the technique of heel hitting ground with ankle joint in dorsiflexion and takeoff with tip of the toe pushing-off finally;The center of gravity reached the highest point in the flash of pushing-off of the supporting leg, and the lowest in the flash of vertical position;The movement orbit of center of granity of the elite athletes is a level flinging curve in the airborne phase, but not a oblique upward curve;The airborne time of the elite athletes is determined by the altitude intercept of the center of gravity in the airborne phase, and has no conspicuous relevance to the general ups and downs of the center of gravity.

关 键 词：竞走 女子 优秀运动员 重心 运动轨迹 

分 类 号：G821[文化科学—体育训练] G804.66[文化科学—体育学]